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•Tanzania has substantially reduced child mortality in the past fi ve years, but most of the decline has come after the fi rst month of life and neonatal mortality has not reduced.
• Each year, at least 51,000 Tanzanian newborns die; an additional 43,000 babies are stillborn.
• The three main causes of neonatal death in Tanzania are well known: 32 percent die from infections; 27
percent die from complications of preterm birth; 26 percent die from birth asphyxia.
• Up to two-thirds, or 34,000 newborn lives could be saved if essential care reached mothers and babies.
• At the current rate of progress, Millennium Development Goal 4 could be met, especially with more
attention to newborn survival.