Mental health has long fallen behind physical health in attention, funding, and action. Despite the World Health Organization (WHO) including mental health as a fundamental aspect of overall health and as one of its Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), mental health remains underfunded and often ignored in the face of more visible physical health concerns. In addition, health systems have yet to respond to the burden of mental health and the effect of mental health on morbidity and mortality has become too important to ignore. Nearly one billion people throughout the world live with a mental health condition. People living with mental health conditions experience disproportionately higher rates of disability and mortality with more than 80 percent residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite global level action plans and even implementation guidance, the translation from policy to actual services has been largely absent—the treatment gap is estimated at nearly 90 percent.