{"id":33964,"date":"2018-11-26T05:04:54","date_gmt":"2018-11-26T10:04:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=news-item&p=33964"},"modified":"2023-11-21T12:34:59","modified_gmt":"2023-11-21T17:34:59","slug":"is-indias-healthcare-system-failing-premature-babies-even-before-they-are-born","status":"publish","type":"news-item","link":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/news-item\/is-indias-healthcare-system-failing-premature-babies-even-before-they-are-born\/","title":{"rendered":"Is India’s Healthcare System Failing Premature Babies Even Before They Are Born?"},"content":{"rendered":"

An estimated 15 million babies are born too early every year, or in other words, preterm (before 37 completed weeks of gestation). That is more than 1 in 10 babies. Approximately 1 million children die each year due to complications of preterm birth.<\/p>\n

Many survivors face a lifetime of disability, including learning disabilities and visual and hearing problems. And this number is rising year by year. In India, 27 million babies are born each year out of which 3.5 million babies are born prematurely<\/a> as per the estimates.<\/p>\n

This is a tip of the iceberg, as it doesn\u2019t include extreme premature babies.<\/p>\n

Preterm birth complications are the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age, responsible for approximately 1 million deaths.<\/p>\n

According to Born Too Soon: The Global Action Report on Preterm Birth, released by Save the Children, The March of Dimes Foundation, the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health and The World Health Organization, India tops the list of 10 nations contributing 60 percent of the world\u2019s premature deliveries \u2013 with the maximum number of preterm births with 3,519,100 of them, almost 24 percent of the total number.<\/p>\n

A lack of awareness<\/h2>\n

Preterm birth (PTB) is a significant public health concern and a leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity worldwide and often contributes to various health complications later in life.<\/p>\n

Several factors such as emotional, stress, social, racial, maternal anxiety, multiple pregnancies, infections during pregnancy, diabetes and high blood pressure, and in-vitro fertilization pregnancy have been shown to be associated with PTB.<\/p>\n

Data that is emerging also indicated that several occupational, environmental exposure and lifestyle factors might also be associated in part with preterm birth or low birth weight. There is a lack of awareness amongst parents about the understanding of the causes and mechanisms that will advance the development of solutions to prevent preterm birth.<\/p>\n

The extremely premature babies (born between week 24 to 27) are not even counted by the statistics in India \u2013 as the viability is defined in India as 28 weeks and beyond. These babies need advanced neonatal care for them to survive and to survive without disability \u2013 we call it intact survival \u2013 they need to be delivered in a place with advanced neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) who have the expertise to cater for such babies. This requires a teamwork and expertise not available in all hospitals.<\/p>\n

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A premature baby with retinopathy of prematurity has dilating eye drops applied a few minutes before he receives laser treatment at Hyderabad hospital. Image courtesy: Time To See<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Generally, as a rule of thumb, both moderate and extremely premature babies should be born in hospitals with advanced NICUs for better outcome \u2013 hence most organisations like American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) UK, Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) & National Neonatology Forum (NNF) along with FOGSI (Federation of Obstetricians and Gynaecological Society of India) recommend \u201cin-utero\u201d transfer of babies to the hospitals with advanced NICUs to deliver them there rather than deliver in a place with no NICU and then transfer the baby after being born.<\/p>\n

This is essential for many reasons including what we call as Golden hour and Golden Day \u2013 the first hour of transition from the womb to outside world for these babies is crucial as many babies suffer from brain hemorrhage called IVH (Intra Ventricular Hemorrhage) within the first hour if the babies are not resuscitated properly. The care in the first 24 hours determines their outcome in the next few years of life \u2014 whether they survive at all or with or without disability.<\/p>\n

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A doctor examines the eyes of a prematurely born child successfully treated for retinopathy in a Hyderabad Eye hospital. Image credit: Time to See<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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What does India need to do?<\/h2>\n

Despite several efforts, our systems in India are currently lacking the need for more effort in identifying women at risk of preterm labor and support them to give birth in a health facility that can offer extra care when needed, such as support for adequate feeding with breast milk, continuous skin to skin contact, antibiotics, and antenatal corticosteroids. Inequalities in survival rates around the world are stark.<\/p>\n

In low-income settings, half of the babies born at or below 32 weeks (2 months early) die due to a lack of feasible, cost-effective care, such as warmth, breastfeeding support, and basic care for infections and breathing difficulties. In high-income countries, almost all of these babies survive. Suboptimal use of technology in middle-income settings is causing an increased burden of disability among preterm babies who survive the neonatal period.<\/p>\n

Most late preterm babies have higher chances of low temperature (hypothermia) and jaundice requiring treatment (hyperbilirubinaemia) \u2013 and if provided proper care, they do well and they may not need to stay in the hospital longer than a term baby in general.<\/p>\n

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Bilirubin levels are naturally highest 3-5 days after birth. Jaundice, however, is an excess of bilirubin, while affects roughly 80 percent of preterm babies, and more common in breastfed infants. Image courtesy: Mama Natural<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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India needs to build upon the infrastructure facilities for improving neonatal survival outcomes at the same time strengthen the tertiary care services at medical colleges, creating secondary care special care neonatal units at district and sub-district health facilities and improving linkages. This is a huge task and needs innovative private-public partnership models, which can facilitate sharing the load taken on by public institutions that have limited capacity to deliver increasing demand for equitable services.<\/p>\n

In high-income countries, the increases in the number of preterm births are linked to the number of older women having babies, increased use of fertility drugs and resulting multiple pregnancies. In some developed countries, medically unnecessary inductions and Cesarean deliveries before full-term have also increased preterm births. In many low-income countries, the main causes of preterm births include infections, malaria, HIV, and high adolescent pregnancy rates. In rich and poor countries, many preterm births remain unexplained<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Prevention of early birth, however, presents several great challenges. The condition merely describes an event that occurs before its due time and is not a diagnosis in itself.<\/p>\n

There are many pathways leading to preterm birth and its prevention, each requiring different kinds of scientific inquiry and clinical strategies. Together, they encompass a wide array of measurement systems and clinical interventions across many health-care disciplines that are yet to take hold in Indian healthcare.<\/p>\n

The author is a neonatologist and Chairman of Cloudnine Group of Hospitals<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7211,"featured_media":33960,"template":"","acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHealthy Newborn Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/news-item\/is-indias-healthcare-system-failing-premature-babies-even-before-they-are-born\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Is India's Healthcare System Failing Premature Babies Even Before They Are Born? - Healthy Newborn Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"An estimated 15 million babies are born too early every year, or in other words, preterm (before 37 completed weeks of gestation). That is more than 1 in 10 babies. 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Our vision is a world in which every child attains the right to survival, protection, development and participation. Our mission is to inspire breakthroughs in the way the world treats children and to achieve immediate and lasting change in their lives.\r\n<h2>What we do<\/h2>\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-795\" src=\"\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/2.-Parth-Sanyal.jpg\" alt=\"2. Parth Sanyal\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" \/>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nPhoto: Parth Sanyal\/ Save the Children\r\n\r\n<strong>Saving Newborn Lives (SNL) Program:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSave the Children's Saving Newborn Lives (SNL) program, supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, is a globally recognized leader in newborn health and a respected voice in many low-resource countries. Since 2000, Save the Children\u2019s SNL program has worked as a catalyst towards ensuring that newborn health and survival is on global and national agendas. SNL seeks to achieve equitable and effective coverage of high-impact newborn services and practices institutionalized at scale.\r\n\r\nSNL currently works in partnership with 7 countries to reduce newborn mortality, improve newborn health and bring high-impact interventions to scale. In 4 countries \u2013 Bangladesh, Malawi, Nepal, and Uganda - the program works through partnerships with government and stakeholders to achieve and document the scale-up of newborn health interventions. These countries have achieved substantial policy and system readiness for scale-up and are positioned for accelerated change in service delivery and health outcomes. In 3 additional countries \u2013 Ethiopia, India, and Nigeria \u2013 SNL coordinates with government and partners to develop policies, program experience, and evidence in order to promote the effective and sustainable scale-up of key interventions. SNL collaborates closely with governments and implementing partners, and provides direct support to the design, development and implementation of national strategies and policies to improve the quality and availability of care for mothers and newborns. For more information on Save the Children\u2019s Newborn Health program, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.savethechildren.org\/site\/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E\/b.6234293\/k.7FC1\/Newborn_Health.htm\">visit our website<\/a>.\r\n\r\nSNL currently maintains the Healthy Newborn Network and strives to establish the site as the \u201cgo-to\u201d resource for newborn health information, data and resources.\r\n\r\nSave the Children also offers technical assistance and support as the newborn health leading partner under USAID\u2019s Maternal and Child Survival Program (MCSP). MCSP is a global, USAID Cooperative Agreement to introduce and support high-impact health interventions with a focus on 24 high-priority countries with the ultimate goal of ending preventable maternal and child deaths within a generation. The Program is focused on ensuring that all women, newborns and children most in need have equitable access to quality health care services to save lives.\r\n\r\n<strong>Save the Children Campaigns:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAs an independent and global organization, Save the Children has a powerful voice in campaigning for long-term change, and a track record of success. Save the Children encourages its supporters to put pressure on decision makers and opinion formers to change policies and practices, locally and globally, to ensure children's rights become reality.\r\n\r\n<strong><img class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-796\" src=\"\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/EveryOne-Thumb.jpg\" alt=\"EveryOne - Thumb\" width=\"160\" height=\"160\" \/>The EveryOne Campaign<\/strong>: Save the Children has launched a global campaign to ensure governments provide basic health and nutrition services to millions of children who might not otherwise live to see their fifth birthday. EVERY ONE is Save the Children\u2019s global campaign to ensure no child under the age of five dies from preventable causes, and that public attitudes do not tolerate a return to high levels of child deaths. By 2015, the campaign aims to have catalyzed a breakthrough in governments' policies and practices that dramatically accelerates sustainable progress towards MDG 4. Follow the <a href=\"http:\/\/everyone.savethechildren.net\/news\">Every One campaign via their blog. <\/a>\r\n\r\n<strong><img class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-797\" src=\"\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/EveryBeatMatters-Thumb.jpg\" alt=\"EveryBeatMatters - Thumb\" width=\"160\" height=\"160\" \/>Every Beat Matters<\/strong>: Through this campaign, Save the Children aims to raise awareness among the American public of the key issues related to child survival, engage and foster champions who are willing to raise their voices for children in need around the world, and create a movement which demands that we increase access to lifesaving care so that no parent suffers the unnecessary loss of a child. Every child deserves the chance to grow up healthy, happy and able to reach their potential. Take a look at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.everybeatmatters.org\/\">Save the Children\u2019s Action Network <\/a>for more information.","post_title":"Save the Children","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"save-the-children","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2016-12-12 10:03:13","post_modified_gmt":"2016-12-12 15:03:13","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=partner&p=793","menu_order":0,"post_type":"partner","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":822,"post_author":"2612","post_date":"2010-10-28 19:29:15","post_date_gmt":"2010-10-28 19:29:15","post_content":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/pmnch\/en\/\">The Partnership (PMNCH) <\/a>is a global health partnership founded in 2005, hosted at the World Health Organization in Geneva which joins the maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) communities into an alliance of more than 300 members to ensure that all women, infants and children not only remain healthy, but thrive. www.pmnch.org<\/p>\r\n<h2>What we do<\/h2>\r\n<p>The Partnership's value proposition arises from its being the only platform that brings together all of the many Partners in the global health community focused on improving the health of women and children and promoting the Continuum of Care. The Partnership's activities are guided by its Vision and Mission:<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Vision: <\/strong>The achievement of the MDGs, with women and children enabled to realize their right to the highest attainable standard of health in the years to 2015 and beyond.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Mission:<\/strong> Supporting Partners to align their strategic directions and catalyse collective action to achieve universal access to comprehensive, high-quality, reproductive, maternal newborn and child health care.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>The Partnership's work will be focused through three Strategic Objectives (SOs), which reflect the Partnership's value proposition and provide the framework for developing individual outputs and activities:<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>SO 1:<\/strong> Broker knowledge and innovation for action, leading to increased access to, and use of, knowledge and innovations to enhance policy, service delivery and financing mechanisms.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>SO 2: <\/strong>Advocate for mobilizing and aligning resources and for greater engagement, leading to additional resource commitments for RMNCH, visibility of women's and children's health issues in relevant forums, and concensus on evidence-based policy development and implementation.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>SO 3:<\/strong> Promote accountability for resources and results, leading to better information to monitor RMNCH results, as wel las better and more systematic tracking of how resource commitments are actually allocated.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>In achieving these objectives the Partnership will structure its activities around four operational principles:<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Being partner-centric, by supporting Partners to deliver the Partnership's objectives, without replacing or replicating Partners' work or their internal governance \/ accountability processes.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Focusing on convening (i.e. providing a platform for Partners to discuss and agree on ways to align their existing and new activities) and brokering (i.e. actively brokering knowledge, innovations, collaborations, etc. among Partners).<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Being driven by country demand and regional priorities.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Promoting the Continuum of Care approach to improve women's and children's health.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>The success of the Partnership will be measured in its ability to achieve the identified outcomes for each of its three Strategic Objectives, and ultimately supporting the Partners to deliver their respective mandates, and achieve better RMNCH outcomes in high-burden countries that would otherwise have been possible.<\/p>","post_title":"The Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health (PMNCH)","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"partnership-maternal-newborn-child-health-pmnch","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2016-01-21 19:32:02","post_modified_gmt":"2016-01-21 19:32:02","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=partner&p=822","menu_order":0,"post_type":"partner","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":21084,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2017-10-02 14:54:45","post_date_gmt":"2017-10-02 18:54:45","post_content":"Our goal is to build a better, healthier future for people all over the world. Working through offices in more than 150 countries, WHO staff work side by side with governments and other partners to ensure the highest attainable level of health for all people.\r\n\r\nTogether we strive to combat diseases \u2013 infectious diseases like influenza and HIV and noncommunicable ones like cancer and heart disease. We help mothers and children survive and thrive so they can look forward to a healthy old age. We ensure the safety of the air people breathe, the food they eat, the water they drink \u2013 and the medicines and vaccines they need.","post_title":"World Health Organization","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"world-health-organization","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2017-10-02 14:54:45","post_modified_gmt":"2017-10-02 18:54:45","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=partner&p=21084","menu_order":0,"post_type":"partner","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"issues":[{"ID":310,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2016-01-12 16:23:30","post_date_gmt":"2016-01-12 16:23:30","post_content":"[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453371307046{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lanchi\/article\/PIIS2352-4642(21)00311-4\/fulltext\">most recent estimates<\/a>, preterm birth is a leading cause of under-5 mortality, claiming nearly 1 million lives every year.<\/h2>\r\nThe World Health Organization defines preterm birth as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed. While many preterms survive in high-income countries, in low- and middle-income countries a lack of adequate newborn care puts the lives of many preterm babies at risk.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">15<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1666023383014{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of babies born prematurely (2014)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">10.6<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1666023354144{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rate of premature babies worldwide (2014)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">89<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1667425699228{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">percentage of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8850944\/pdf\/jogh-12-04011.pdf\">preterm births<\/a> that occur in sub-Saharan Africa and South-Asia (2012 - 2016)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>All data on this page represents the most recent data available. Please visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a> page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/em><\/h6>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"Preventing preterm birth\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Although we still do not have a full understanding of the causes of preterm birth, several interventions may reduce the risk of a woman delivering early, including high-quality\u00a0antenatal care; good nutrition; screening and management of maternal infections, diabetes, and hypertension; smoking cessation; family planning; and prenatal care for adolescents. If a woman presents in preterm labor, administration of antenatal corticosteroids may\u00a0reduce mortality from respiratory distress, and antibiotics can reduce a baby\u2019s risk for infection.<\/p>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>Key resources:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/who-recommendations-for-care-of-the-preterm-or-low-birth-weight-infant\/\">WHO recommendations for care of the preterm or low-birth-weight newborn (2022)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/joint-statement-international-recommendations-interventions-improve-preterm-birth-outcomes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joint Statement: International WHO Recommendations on Interventions to Improve Preterm Birth Outcomes<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30565-5\">National, regional, and worldwide estimates of low birthweight in 2015, with trends from 2000: a systematic analysis<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30041-5\">Low birthweight: will new estimates accelerate progress?<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everypreemie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Nurturing-Care-Evidence-Review-and-Case-Studies-13Aug2019.pdf\">Nurturing care for small and sick newborns: Evidence review and country case studies<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everypreemie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/DNH_TechBrief_HumanMilkFeeding_7.9.19Final.pdf\">Safe and effective human milk feeding for small and sick newborns<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2013204\">Preterm birth\u2013associated neurodevelopmental impairment estimates at regional and global levels for 2010<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/BornTooSoon-Report-April2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Born too soon<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ptb.srhr.org\/\">Latest global, regional and national estimates of levels of preterm birth<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/series\/preterm-birth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lancet preterm birth series<\/a>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736%2808%2960074-4\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736%2808%2960108-7\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality of preterm birth<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736%2808%2960136-1\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">An overview of mortality and sequelae of preterm birth from infancy to adulthood<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/initiatives\/every-newborn-action-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Every Newborn Action Plan<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/9789241508988_eng.pdf\">WHO recommendations on interventions to improve preterm birth outcomes (2015)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"Preterm birth complications","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"preterm-birth-complications","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-11-16 18:35:44","post_modified_gmt":"2022-11-16 23:35:44","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&p=310","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":116,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 15:17:32","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 15:17:32","post_content":"<p>[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>Intrapartum-related complications are responsible for approximately one-quarter of newborn deaths and half of stillbirths.<\/h2>\n<p>When complications arise during childbirth and are not recognized or properly dealt with on a timely basis, the baby may emerge stillborn or be born alive but severely stressed and may not spontaneously begin to breathe. Unless stimulation and efforts to resuscitate are begun immediately, many of these babies quickly die of birth asphyxia.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">570<\/span>k<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1456246957513{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">estimated number of annual newborn deaths attributable to childbirth complications<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">1.3<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1690478685637{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">estimated number of intrapartum stillbirths (2015)<br \/>\n<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">80<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1690476768268{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">percentage of women who give birth in a health facility globally from 2015 - 2021<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-green\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">10<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1456247366820{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">estimated number of newborns that do not breathe at birth<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a>\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/em><\/h6>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"What can be done?\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]Most outcomes associated with complications of childbirth are preventable. The proportion of term deliveries that end in death during or shortly after labor is a sensitive and responsive measure of the quality of labor and delivery care. It is important in and of itself, but it also reflects readiness for managing other important complications for the mother or newborn.<\/p>\n<p>Pregnant women need a good assessment late in pregnancy to anticipate problems and ensure they receive any needed special care.Teaching expectant mothers about the importance of seeking healthcare can also prevent adverse birth outcomes. Giving birth in a center where assisted delivery or caesarian section can be provided quickly can also save a baby\u2019s life. Good monitoring of the mother and fetus throughout labor ensures that prompt action can be take to prevent conditions from evolving to a life-threatening state.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]Ending dangerous practices, like augmenting labor with oxytocin under unsafe conditions or applying pressure on the mother\u2019s belly during labor, can prevent fetal deaths.<\/p>\n<p>And for those cases in which the baby emerges in a very stressed state and is unable to start breathing, competent action taken within the \u201cgolden minute\u201d can keep the baby alive until breathing begins. Finally, suitable equipment needs to be kept at the ready for all births, and provisions in place to ensure that health workers attending births are regularly practicing to maintain their resuscitation skills.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_text_separator title=\"Key Resources\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/tools\/essential-newborn-care-training-course\">Essential Newborn Care Course (WHO)<\/a> - interim version of the second edition (2022)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aap.org\/en\/aap-global\/helping-babies-survive\/enc-now\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ENC Now! (American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and Laerdal Global Health)<\/a> \u2013 a digital version of the new WHO Essential Newborn Care 1 Basic Course (ENC) (formerly Helping Babies Breathe).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/shop.laerdalglobalhealth.com\/product\/neonatalie-live\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Neonathalie Live<\/a> \u2013 Newborn Ventilation Trainer<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/MCPC-2nd-ed.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WHO guidelines Managing complications in pregnancy and childbirth: A guide for midwives and doctors <\/a>(2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/every-newborn-action-plan\/\">Every Newborn Action Plan<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452735746534{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Helping Babies Survive<\/h4>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-352\" src=\"\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/small-helpingbabiesbreathe.jpg\" alt=\"small-helpingbabiesbreathe\" width=\"570\" height=\"252\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aap.org\/en\/aap-global\/helping-babies-survive\/\">Helping Babies Survive<\/a> is a package of evidence-based training programs designed to teach the necessary skills to reduce neonatal mortality in resource-limited environments. The first program Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) was developed in 2010 by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in keeping with WHO recommendations. Studies have shown that it can reduce neonatal mortality by up to 47%; saving thousands of asphyxiated newborns. The success of HBB led to a global request for additional programs (such as Essential Care for Every Baby, Essential Care for Small Babies, and Improving Care of Mothers and Babies) addressing other leading causes of newborn death by equipping providers with the necessary skills and competencies to deliver high quality care to newborns during and after birth.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>The partnership is not only providing competency-based, hands-on training to service providers but working with ministries of health and their partners to provide functional resuscitation equipment for all health facilities where babies are born.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Essential Newborn Care Course<\/h4>\n<p><img class=\"wp-image-1614 size-full alignnone\" src=\"\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/small-essentialnewborncare2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"230\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Please note this section will be updated in 2022. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/tools\/essential-newborn-care-training-course\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">interim version of the second edition of the Essential Newborn Care Course (ENCC)<\/a> for more information.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The Essential Newborn Care Course (ENCC) is a WHO training program that works to ensure that health workers have the skills and knowledge to provide appropriate care at the most vulnerable period in a baby's life. Health workers are taught how to use the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241549356?msclkid=05ffb757d06d11ec8a219bb5009124b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WHO's Pregnancy, Childbirth, Postpartum and Newborn Care: A Guide for Essential Practice.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>In particular, the course focuses on the sections concerned with newborn care, which provide up-to-date evidence-based information and management of babies with a range of needs in the initial newborn period. The course includes:[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","post_title":"Complications during childbirth","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"complications-during-childbirth","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-07-27 13:25:43","post_modified_gmt":"2023-07-27 17:25:43","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&p=116","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":395,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2016-01-20 17:18:38","post_date_gmt":"2016-01-20 17:18:38","post_content":"[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>Copy Needed<\/h2>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>0<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"3\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1453410481084{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stat needed<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>0<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"3\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1453410505868{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stat needed<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"Neonatal Resuscitation","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"neonatal-resuscitation","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2016-02-23 16:46:50","post_modified_gmt":"2016-02-23 21:46:50","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&p=395","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":126,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 15:19:14","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 15:19:14","post_content":"[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>Severe newborn infections\u2014including sepsis, meningitis, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/pneumonia\/\">pneumonia<\/a>\u2014are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among newborns in low- and middle-income countries.<\/h2>\r\nRecent analyses estimate that globally, approximately 400,000 newborns die each year as a result of severe infections, over one-sixth of the total burden of newborn deaths. Most of these deaths could be averted through:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>preventive measures, such as improving hygiene practices, and<\/li>\r\n \t<li>timely and appropriate care for sick newborns.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">17<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1456252549558{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">percentage of neonatal deaths caused by severe bacterial infections<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">400<\/span>k<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1456252596727{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of newborns who die each year as a result of severe infections<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><span class=\"ticker\">8<\/span><\/b><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1653422219529{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">percentage of neonatal deaths caused by pneumonia<\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a>\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/em><\/h6>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453407008439{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;background-color: #f6f6f6 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"Prevention\"][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Preventive measures during the antenatal and intrapartum periods can reduce the risk of congenital and newborn infections while protecting the health of the mother. Before and during pregnancy, women can be screened and treated for syphilis and vaccinated against diseases like tetanus. In addition to preventing subsequent infection in the newborn, treating maternal infections during pregnancy \u2013 such as antibiotics for prolonged, preterm rupture of membranes or chorioamnionitis -- can also greatly reduce the risk for preterm birth, a leading cause of newborn mortality as well as prevent serious newborn infection.\r\n\r\nClean birth practices reduce the rate of newborn infections at home and implementation of consistent, high-quality infection control practices reduces newborn infections in facility settings. Hygienic umbilical cord care, including using a sterile instrument to cut the cord and, when appropriate and per national guidelines, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/chlorhexidine-for-umbilical-cord-care\/\">applying chlorhexidine to the newborn cord stump<\/a>, can also reduce infection and preventable death. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/breastfeeding-and-feeding-of-small-and-sick-newborns\/\">Early and exclusive breastfeeding<\/a> also reduces the likelihood of newborn infections in several ways, including providing critical support to boost immune system development and avoiding the introduction of potentially harmful substances to the immature gut.\r\n\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453407008439{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;background-color: #f6f6f6 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"Management\"][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]WHO recommends that newborns and young infants should be hospitalized when they have signs of possible <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/treatment-of-possible-severe-bacterial-infection\/\">serious bacterial infection, and treated<\/a> with 7 days of a combination of injectable antibiotics \u2013 gentaminin and ampicillin (or penicillin). In many or most low and middle-income countries (LMICs), such hospital-based treatment is not routinely feasible for many families for a number of cultural, geographic, and financial barriers. In these circumstances, recent evidence has led WHO to recommend outpatient antibiotics to such newborns and young infants to successfully treat the illness. The recommended antibiotic course is a combination of injectable and oral antibiotics: 2 days of once-daily gentamicin combined with 7 days of twice-daily oral amoxicillin. A follow up visit at 4 days of treatment is recommended to ensure adherence to the antibiotics and to ensure improvement in the newborn\u2019s condition. When referral from outpatient facility to hospital is accepted by families, the health center provider should ensure that the newborn or young infant is first given a dose of gentamicin and amoxicillin since even short delays in initiation of treatment can mean the difference between life and death.\r\n\r\nSaving newborn lives from life-threatening infections is now indeed feasible, acceptable, and effective in reducing preventable newborn and young infant deaths, and should be a top public health priority.\r\n\r\n<strong>Key Resources:\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25274969\/\">Respiratory Distress in the Newborn <\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everypreemie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/SafeOxygen_english_7.6.17.pdf\">Safe and effective oxygen use for inpatient care of newborns<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everypreemie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/InfectionPrevention_english_7.6.17.pdf\">Safe and effective infection prevention for inpatient newborn care<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everypreemie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/DNH_TechBrief_MgmtNewbornInfection_7.15.19.pdf\">Management of newborn infections during inpatient care<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2013207\">Neonatal severe bacterial infection impairment estimates in South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America for 2010<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"Severe infections","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"severe-infections","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-10-18 14:43:52","post_modified_gmt":"2022-10-18 18:43:52","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&p=126","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":134,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 15:20:44","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 15:20:44","post_content":"[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>The first hours and days after birth are the riskiest for both mothers and newborns.<\/h2>\r\nThere are important interventions and practices during this period that can reduce these risks. There are also\u00a0opportunities at multiple points in time to help ensure high coverage for these interventions and practices. For example, contacts during pregnancy can be used for counseling and health education on newborn care and care-seeking for danger signs in the postnatal period. This support may be especially important in settings where births still take place at home.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">75<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1456333677270{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">percentage of newborn deaths that occur in the first week of life<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">48<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1456333713404{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of hours after birth when a newborn is at highest risk of death<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Newborn Numbers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/span><\/h6>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"More information\"][vc_column_text]Postnatal care can also include assessment and counseling provided to the mother before discharge after giving birth in a health facility, as well as later contacts during home visits by community health workers or postnatal visits to a health facility. Broadly, the major elements of postnatal care include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>counseling and health education on recognition of danger signs and appropriate care-seeking (for both mother and newborn)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>counseling and health education on routine care practices such as exclusive breastfeeding and good thermal care practices<\/li>\r\n \t<li>dispensing and related counseling for routine preventive interventions (such as chlorhexidine for cord-stump care and postnatal iron supplementation)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>assessment and case-management and referral for any identified complications or risk conditions<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nIt is through the same contacts that we have opportunities to improve outcomes for both mother and newborn, so programs and services\u00a0should focus on needed care for both. This more integrated perspective is reflected in the most recent guidance from\u00a0the World Health Organization\u00a0(see Resources below).\r\n\r\nHome visitation by community health workers has been promoted as a postnatal care strategy based on promising pilots in South Asia that demonstrated potential for reducing newborn deaths. However, it has proven difficult to achieve comparable benefits under more routine conditions at scale.\r\n\r\nWith the marked increases in institutional deliveries seen in many settings in recent years, there is increasing attention being given to taking better advantage of the time before discharge to ensure delivery of key aspects of postnatal care. Challenges to taking optimal advantage of this contact include the very high volume of births in some centers and the common practice of early discharge.\r\n\r\nFollow-up visits to the health facility for postnatal care can provide an important opportunity to ensure assessment, care, and provision of important counseling. Suitable timing and content of such care will depend on the overall configuration of postnatal care services specific to the setting.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=\"Key Resources\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/who-recommendations-on-maternal-and-newborn-care-for-a-positive-postnatal-experience\/\">WHO recommendations on maternal and newborn care for a positive postnatal experience (2022)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"Postnatal care","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"postnatal-care","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-10-17 18:49:11","post_modified_gmt":"2022-10-17 22:49:11","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&p=134","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"regions":[{"ID":251,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-11-22 21:37:22","post_date_gmt":"2015-11-22 21:37:22","post_content":"","post_title":"Asia","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"asia","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2016-02-11 21:51:07","post_modified_gmt":"2016-02-11 21:51:07","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=region&p=251","menu_order":0,"post_type":"region","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"countries":[{"ID":184,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 21:58:21","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 21:58:21","post_content":"[vc_row][vc_column css=\".vc_custom_1453305596740{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}\"][vc_text_separator title=\"Leading causes of neonatal deaths in India (2020)\" el_class=\"transform:upperclass\"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_round_chart type=\"doughnut\" stroke_width=\"1\" stroke_color=\"custom\" values=\"%5B%7B%22title%22%3A%221%25%20Diarrhoea%22%2C%22value%22%3A%221%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22vista-blue%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%220%25%20Tetanus%22%2C%22value%22%3A%220%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22mulled-wine%22%2C%22custom_color%22%3A%22%23cec2ab%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%227%25%20Pneumonia%22%2C%22value%22%3A%227%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22peacoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%2239%25%20Preterm%20birth%20complications%22%2C%22value%22%3A%2239%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22blue%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%2221%25%20Intrapartum%20related%20events%22%2C%22value%22%3A%2221%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22turquoise%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%225%25%20Sepsis%20and%20other%20infectious%20conditions%20of%20the%20newborn%22%2C%22value%22%3A%225%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22pink%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%229%25%20Congenital%20abnormalities%5Ct%22%2C%22value%22%3A%229%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22violet%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%2218%25%20Other%20conditions%22%2C%22value%22%3A%2218%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22chino%22%7D%5D\" custom_stroke_color=\"#f6f6f4\" css=\".vc_custom_1686158564827{padding-right: 30px !important;padding-left: 30px !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: contain !important;}\"][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\">Source: Estimates for causes of death 2000-2020 generated by the WHO and Maternal and Child Epidemiology Estimation Group (MCEE) 2023 and downloaded from <a href=\"http:\/\/data.unicef.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/data.unicef.org&source=gmail&ust=1551964625737000&usg=AFQjCNFsFTtu9FzS8H64YC88NPOzQVbPwQ\">http:\/\/data.unicef.org<\/a><\/h6>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" gap=\"5\" css=\".vc_custom_1453306441839{background-image: url(\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/country-stat-bkgr.jpg?id=389) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}\"][vc_column css=\".vc_custom_1453306493120{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;}\"][vc_text_separator title=\"key indicators\" el_class=\"transform:uppercase text-white\"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686158668744{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #e05533;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">19.1<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Newborn mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686158653873{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #d9a23b;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">4<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Annual reduction in newborn mortality rate 2000-2021 (%)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686158622111{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #41aaab;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">62<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Proportion of under-5 child deaths that are newborn (%)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686158639136{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #e05533;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">12.2<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Stillbirth rate (deaths per 1,000 births)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686158578078{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #d9a23b;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">89.4\r\n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Skilled birth attendance (%)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1651070613999{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #41aaab;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">57<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Early initiation of breastfeeding (%)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1698696298715{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #e05533;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">13<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Preterm birth rate (births <37 weeks per 100 live births)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686158608753{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #d9a23b;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">103<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100,000 live births)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1453307990481{margin-top: 20px !important;}\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Visit our<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a> <span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">page to explore the most recent data further<\/span><\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"India","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"india","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-10-30 16:03:36","post_modified_gmt":"2023-10-30 20:03:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=country&p=184","menu_order":0,"post_type":"country","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-item\/33964"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-item"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news-item"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7211"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-item\/33964\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}