{"id":40121,"date":"2019-11-15T09:03:05","date_gmt":"2019-11-15T14:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?p=40121"},"modified":"2019-11-14T14:14:01","modified_gmt":"2019-11-14T19:14:01","slug":"what-you-need-to-know-about-the-preterm-birth-and-low-birthweight-estimates","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-preterm-birth-and-low-birthweight-estimates\/","title":{"rendered":"What you need to know about the preterm birth and low birthweight estimates"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong><em>By Lara Vaz and Mary Kinney<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Children born too soon (preterm) or too small are at the highest risk of dying in utero, during birth and in the neonatal period, and also have increased health and development risks throughout their lifetime. Of the 2.5 million neonatal deaths in 2018, over 80% were born too small&#8211;of which two thirds are preterm and one third are small for gestational age (SGA).<\/p>\n<p>Quantifying the full burden of affected children born too soon or too small or both is critical for health system response and planning. Estimates of the global, regional and national burden of preterm birth and LBW are especially needed because data for both are sparse and incomplete in many countries. In the past year, <em>The Lancet<\/em> <em>Global Health<\/em> has published two new sets of estimates \u2013 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/global-regional-and-national-estimates-of-levels-of-preterm-birth-in-2014-a-systematic-review-and-modelling-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">preterm birth<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/national-regional-and-worldwide-estimates-of-low-birthweight-in-2015-with-trends-from-2000-a-systematic-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">low birthweight<\/a> (see facts about each below).<\/p>\n<p>Estimates allow health system stakeholders, policies, and programmes to be better informed, enabling more precise targeting of interventions. Estimates can also be used to raise awareness of the issues as global public health priorities, and can help mobilise resources for research and maternal and child health programs. They also allow for comparison between countries or between countries and regions. Learn more about how estimates can be used at global and national levels <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/16549716.2017.1290370\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Reasons for generating global health estimates include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Completeness: to fill data gaps and ensure completeness of information for all countries;<\/li>\n<li>Comparability: to enable comparability of data over time and across countries;<\/li>\n<li>Currency: to produce data of immediate or current relevance;<\/li>\n<li>Cost: to generate the needed data in an inexpensive and rapid way; and<\/li>\n<li>Objectivity: to ensure independence and objectivity of the country statistics<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There are some cautionary points that we would like to flag to users about the recent preterm birth and low birthweight estimates.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Do not compare or add together the preterm birth and low birthweight estimates: the estimates are based on different models, predictors and inputs.<\/li>\n<li>Do not compare the previously published the preterm birth and low birthweight estimates as models and inputs were different.<\/li>\n<li>Do not assume that the data quality across countries was the same; there is great variation in data quality both across and also within countries. The availability of data inputs also had enormous inequities between countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To properly address a problem, we need to understand its magnitude. Estimates fill in the gaps in available data. We must focus on improving the quality and quantity of both LBW and PTB data, including the need to ensure we accurately count and weigh all babies (live births and stillbirths) as well as improve gestational age measurement and documentation. Achieving this practically, especially in emergency settings or weak health systems, remains a challenge. Strengthened national data systems and ensuring countries are empowered be to equal partners in global efforts to improve our understanding of health and development at global, national and local levels will be priority for improving future estimates.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc15830737\"><\/a><em>Low birthweight<\/em><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/td>\n<td width=\"247\"><em>Prevalence<\/em><\/td>\n<td width=\"281\"><em>Number<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><em>LBW (2015)<\/em><\/td>\n<td width=\"247\">14\u00b76% (uncertainty range 12\u00b74\u201317\u00b71)<\/td>\n<td width=\"281\">20\u00b75 million (17\u00b74\u201324\u00b70 million) live births<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Definition<\/strong>: \u201cBorn too small\u201d or low birthweight (LBW) refers to newborns weighing less than 2500\u00a0g at birth. The LBW prevalence <u>is<\/u> the number of newborns weighing less than 2500 g at birth, per 100 live births.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Burden<\/strong>: Globally, 20.5 million LBW infants were born in 2015 (14.6% of live births). 91% were in low- and middle-income countries, mainly southern Asia (48%) and sub-Saharan Africa (24%).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trend<\/strong>: The annual rate of reduction in LBW globally from 2000 to 2015 was 1\u00b723%; however, reduction varied widely by prevalence level in 2000.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Countries with estimates<\/strong>: 148 countries have national estimates (57 include time series data). 47 countries had no input data; the modelled national-level estimate generated is not presented for these countries.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Global Commitments: <\/strong>LBW is included as a WHO core indicator for tracking health outcomes. The SDGs and Global Nutrition Plan include an ambitious goal to reduce LBW by 30% by 2025, although new trend data suggest very limited progress.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc15830738\"><\/a><em>Preterm birth<\/em><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/td>\n<td width=\"247\"><em>Rate<\/em><\/td>\n<td width=\"281\"><em>Number<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><em>Preterm birth (2014)<\/em><\/td>\n<td width=\"247\">10\u00b76% (uncertainty range 9\u00b70\u201312\u00b70)<\/td>\n<td width=\"281\">14\u00b784 million (12\u00b765 million\u201316\u00b773 million) live births<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Definition: <\/strong>\u201cBorn too soon\u201d, or preterm, refers to newborns born at less than 37 weeks\u2019 gestation. The preterm birth rate is the number of newborns born at less than 37 weeks\u2019 gestation per 100 live births.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Burden: <\/strong>Globally, 14\u00b78 million infants were born preterm in 2014 (10\u00b76% of live births). 81% of preterm births occur in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Approximately 15% of preterm newborns were born before 32 weeks of gestation and require special inpatient care.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trend: <\/strong>Rates of preterm birth are increasing in selected high-income and high-middle-income countries where there is data.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Countries with estimates:<\/strong> 80 countries have PTB rate estimates generated from this model. For the remaining 103 countries, they only present the corresponding regional estimate.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Global Commitments: <\/strong>Improved counting of preterm births, and related outcomes, is a priority of the Every Newborn Action Plan, led by UNICEF and WHO, and will be crucial to achieving SDG target 3.2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Lara Vaz and Mary Kinney Children born too soon (preterm) or too small are at the highest risk of dying in utero, during birth and in the neonatal period, and also have increased health and development risks throughout their lifetime. Of the 2.5 million neonatal deaths in 2018, over 80% were born too small&#8211;of &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-preterm-birth-and-low-birthweight-estimates\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7211,"featured_media":40122,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Healthy Newborn Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-preterm-birth-and-low-birthweight-estimates\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What you need to know about the preterm birth and low birthweight estimates - Healthy Newborn Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Lara Vaz and Mary Kinney Children born too soon (preterm) or too small are at the highest risk of dying in utero, during birth and in the neonatal period, and also have increased health and development risks throughout their lifetime. 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She knows that it will provide her babies with normal brain growth and will allow for bonding between her babies and her."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-preterm-birth-and-low-birthweight-estimates\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"What you need to know about the preterm birth and low birthweight estimates"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/","name":"Healthy Newborn Network","description":"Addressing critical knowledge gaps in newborn health.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#\/schema\/person\/1d39aa815df3123275f62e3f3d9a417f","name":"HNN Team","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0762878efbad44b50487ac3aaf87e6ed?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0762878efbad44b50487ac3aaf87e6ed?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"HNN Team"},"url":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/author\/hnn_admin\/"}]}},"featured_image":"<img width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/CH187615-768x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/CH187615-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/CH187615-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/CH187615-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/CH187615.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>","author_name":"HNN Team","author_image":"<img src=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/themes\/hnn\/dist\/images\/member-default.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"avatar avatar-32 photo\" height=\"32\" width=\"32\"\/>","acf_custom_fields":{"publication_date":"20191114","authors":[{"ID":1254,"user_firstname":"Lara","user_lastname":"Vaz","nickname":"lvaz","user_nicename":"lara-vaz","display_name":"Lara Vaz","user_email":"lvaz@savechildren.org","user_url":"","user_registered":"2015-10-22 13:36:00","user_description":"Lara joined the Save the Children and the Saving Newborn Lives team in January 2013 as the Senior M&amp;E Advisor.  Lara has nearly 20 years of experience in public health programming, monitoring and evaluation, and over 10 years of experience in implementation research in resource-limited settings. She began her career working on community mobilization, health promotion and health education in low-income immigrant Latino settings in the US, and became engaged in Monitoring and Evaluation because of her interest in documenting the evidence from program implementation.  Since then, Lara has been engaged in program implementation, research, and monitoring and evaluation, as well in global policy and indicator development with WHO and other key partners,.  She has worked in Mozambique, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Botswana, Haiti, Tanzania, South Africa, Kenya, and most recently in India, Uganda and Nigeria.   While her last 3 years have been focused in neonatal health, Lara previously worked across the spectrum of HIV\/AIDS program, from prevention to treatment to mitigation.  Lara\u2019s PhD in Health Behavior &amp; Health Education from the University of North Carolina focused on the experiences of serostatus disclosure to HIV-infected children in the context of scale-up of antiretroviral treatment.  She holds a Masters of Science in Health Policy and Management from Harvard and a BA from Stanford University in International Relations.  Raised as a global nomad, Lara is fluent in Portuguese, French and Spanish, and rusty in Swahili and Lingala; in her spare time, she enjoys photography and dancing to almost anything, but especially salsa and cha cha.","user_avatar":"<img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3e050791ecb5855572ee8039106d1fce?s=96&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3e050791ecb5855572ee8039106d1fce?s=192&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-96 photo' height='96' width='96' decoding='async'\/>"},{"ID":3837,"user_firstname":"Mary","user_lastname":"Kinney","nickname":"mvkinney","user_nicename":"mary-kinney","display_name":"Mary Kinney","user_email":"mvkinney@gmail.com","user_url":"","user_registered":"2010-08-11 10:10:00","user_description":"Mary Kinney is a health policy and systems researcher focusing on maternal and newborn health issues. She is a Doctoral Candidate at the University of Western Cape's School of Public Health focusing on implementation research for maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response. She worked for over a decade for the Save the Children US\u2019s Saving Newborn Lives programme providing technical analysis and writing support. She is passionate about using evidence in global and national advocacy efforts and enjoys working with large global teams to translate evidence into policy action. She has worked extensively in Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria and Uganda. Some of her recent global activities include the Every Newborn Action Plan, The Lancet Ending preventable stillbirth series, The Lancet Every newborn series, and Born Too Soon: The Global Action Report for Preterm Births. She is based in South Africa, holds a Master\u2019s degree in international relations from the University of Cape Town.","user_avatar":"<img alt='' src='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/33b09ff02956a37b00b91ae4856b8f8b?s=96&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g' srcset='https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/33b09ff02956a37b00b91ae4856b8f8b?s=192&#038;d=mm&#038;r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-96 photo' height='96' width='96' decoding='async'\/>"}],"additional_authors":"","partners":[],"issues":[{"ID":310,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2016-01-12 16:23:30","post_date_gmt":"2016-01-12 16:23:30","post_content":"[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453371307046{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lanchi\/article\/PIIS2352-4642(21)00311-4\/fulltext\">most recent estimates<\/a>, preterm birth is a leading cause of under-5 mortality, claiming nearly 1 million lives every year.<\/h2>\r\nThe World Health Organization defines preterm birth as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed. While many preterms survive in high-income countries, in low- and middle-income countries a lack of adequate newborn care puts the lives of many preterm babies at risk.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">15<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1666023383014{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of babies born prematurely (2014)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">10.6<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1666023354144{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rate of premature babies worldwide (2014)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">89<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1667425699228{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">percentage of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8850944\/pdf\/jogh-12-04011.pdf\">preterm births<\/a> that occur in sub-Saharan Africa and South-Asia (2012 - 2016)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>All data on this page represents the most recent data available. Please visit our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a> page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/em><\/h6>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"Preventing preterm birth\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Although we still do not have a full understanding of the causes of preterm birth, several interventions may reduce the risk of a woman delivering early, including high-quality\u00a0antenatal care; good nutrition; screening and management of maternal infections, diabetes, and hypertension; smoking cessation; family planning; and prenatal care for adolescents. If a woman presents in preterm labor, administration of antenatal corticosteroids may\u00a0reduce mortality from respiratory distress, and antibiotics can reduce a baby\u2019s risk for infection.<\/p>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>Key resources:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/who-recommendations-for-care-of-the-preterm-or-low-birth-weight-infant\/\">WHO recommendations for care of the preterm or low-birth-weight newborn (2022)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/joint-statement-international-recommendations-interventions-improve-preterm-birth-outcomes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joint Statement: International WHO Recommendations on Interventions to Improve Preterm Birth Outcomes<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30565-5\">National, regional, and worldwide estimates of low birthweight in 2015, with trends from 2000: a systematic analysis<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30041-5\">Low birthweight: will new estimates accelerate progress?<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everypreemie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Nurturing-Care-Evidence-Review-and-Case-Studies-13Aug2019.pdf\">Nurturing care for small and sick newborns: Evidence review and country case studies<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.everypreemie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/DNH_TechBrief_HumanMilkFeeding_7.9.19Final.pdf\">Safe and effective human milk feeding for small and sick newborns<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2013204\">Preterm birth\u2013associated neurodevelopmental impairment estimates at regional and global levels for 2010<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/BornTooSoon-Report-April2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Born too soon<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ptb.srhr.org\/\">Latest global, regional and national estimates of levels of preterm birth<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/series\/preterm-birth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lancet preterm birth series<\/a>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736%2808%2960074-4\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736%2808%2960108-7\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality of preterm birth<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736%2808%2960136-1\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">An overview of mortality and sequelae of preterm birth from infancy to adulthood<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/initiatives\/every-newborn-action-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Every Newborn Action Plan<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/9789241508988_eng.pdf\">WHO recommendations on interventions to improve preterm birth outcomes (2015)<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"Preterm birth complications","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"preterm-birth-complications","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-11-16 18:35:44","post_modified_gmt":"2022-11-16 23:35:44","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&#038;p=310","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"regions":[],"countries":[],"about_the_author":"","author_image":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40121"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7211"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40121"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40121\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40122"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40121"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}