{"id":60673,"date":"2023-10-10T23:51:22","date_gmt":"2023-10-11T03:51:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?p=60673"},"modified":"2023-10-10T12:59:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-10T16:59:19","slug":"my-borntoosoon-story-ainsley-toto","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/my-borntoosoon-story-ainsley-toto\/","title":{"rendered":"My #BornTooSoon Story – Ainsley Toto"},"content":{"rendered":"

This story is part of the My #BornTooSoon Stories Blog Series, you can read the rest of the blogs\u00a0here<\/a>. It was originally published\u00a0here<\/a>.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

When 17-year-old Ashley Toto found out that she was pregnant, she felt “lost”.<\/p>\n

She knew about different contraceptive options, but used only a condom with her boyfriend because she feared the side effects of other contraceptive measures. “People say that contraceptives have so many side effects. I have heard of women bleeding for many days when using family planning. So I have always been scared to try them.”<\/p>\n

After unintentionally becoming pregnant, Ashley left boarding school and moved to Kibera, Nairobi in Kenya. “It was so hard being in school while pregnant. People kept talking about me. So I decided to leave school. I also lost most of my friends. They did not want to associate with me.”<\/p>\n

She went first to her elder brother, but he asked her to move out and go to their parents in rural Kenya. “He could not house me while I was pregnant. I knew that if I went to my rural home I would never go back to school again, but I had already registered to take the national exams.”<\/p>\n

A well-wisher took her in, and she started braiding people\u2019s hair to make at least a little money for her upkeep. But at 28 weeks\u2019 gestation, following abdominal pains, she was referred to Mbagathi Hospital in Nairobi, where complications were diagnosed. “They did not explain much. I did not even understand what complications they were talking about. I thought maybe I was going to die so I just followed the instructions I was given, which were to stay in hospital.”<\/p>\n

Ashley gave birth to her baby girl, Ainsley, at 30 weeks. “She was so tiny; I did not know what to do with her.” Discharged after two weeks, Ashley and Ainsley have had to return to hospital numerous times for Ainsley. “She has difficulty breathing and a simple flu really puts her down.”<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ashley and her daughter Ainsley<\/em><\/p>\n

Ashley says it has been a tough journey taking care of her baby and herself. Six weeks after her baby was born, she sat for her secondary school national exams, while juggling her responsibilities as a new mother.<\/p>\n

“I thank God I finished the exams, although I did not get the grades I had hoped for. But that is beyond me now. I need to focus on my baby\u2019s survival.”<\/p>\n

Ainsley is now 6 months old and doing well. To take care of her, Ashley does menial jobs, including doing people\u2019s laundry and plaiting their hair.<\/p>\n

In the next decade, Ashley would like to see more support given to teenaged and young mothers. “Don\u2019t write off a girl, just because she got pregnant early. It is depressing and stressful, but it is not the end of life.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This story is part of the My #BornTooSoon Stories Blog Series, you can read the rest of the blogs\u00a0here. It was originally published\u00a0here.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7211,"featured_media":60674,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHealthy Newborn Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When 17-year-old Ashley Toto found out that she was pregnant, she felt "lost".\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/my-borntoosoon-story-ainsley-toto\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"My #BornTooSoon Story - Ainsley Toto - Healthy Newborn Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When 17-year-old Ashley Toto found out that she 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width=\"32\"\/>","acf_custom_fields":{"publication_date":"20231011","ft_img_caption":"","writein_submitted_by":"","authors":false,"additional_authors":"HNN Editorial Team","partners":[{"ID":822,"post_author":"2612","post_date":"2010-10-28 19:29:15","post_date_gmt":"2010-10-28 19:29:15","post_content":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/pmnch\/en\/\">The Partnership (PMNCH) <\/a>is a global health partnership founded in 2005, hosted at the World Health Organization in Geneva which joins the maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) communities into an alliance of more than 300 members to ensure that all women, infants and children not only remain healthy, but thrive. www.pmnch.org<\/p>\r\n<h2>What we do<\/h2>\r\n<p>The Partnership's value proposition arises from its being the only platform that brings together all of the many Partners in the global health community focused on improving the health of women and children and promoting the Continuum of Care. The Partnership's activities are guided by its Vision and Mission:<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Vision: <\/strong>The achievement of the MDGs, with women and children enabled to realize their right to the highest attainable standard of health in the years to 2015 and beyond.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Mission:<\/strong> Supporting Partners to align their strategic directions and catalyse collective action to achieve universal access to comprehensive, high-quality, reproductive, maternal newborn and child health care.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>The Partnership's work will be focused through three Strategic Objectives (SOs), which reflect the Partnership's value proposition and provide the framework for developing individual outputs and activities:<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>SO 1:<\/strong> Broker knowledge and innovation for action, leading to increased access to, and use of, knowledge and innovations to enhance policy, service delivery and financing mechanisms.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>SO 2: <\/strong>Advocate for mobilizing and aligning resources and for greater engagement, leading to additional resource commitments for RMNCH, visibility of women's and children's health issues in relevant forums, and concensus on evidence-based policy development and implementation.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p><strong>SO 3:<\/strong> Promote accountability for resources and results, leading to better information to monitor RMNCH results, as wel las better and more systematic tracking of how resource commitments are actually allocated.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>In achieving these objectives the Partnership will structure its activities around four operational principles:<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Being partner-centric, by supporting Partners to deliver the Partnership's objectives, without replacing or replicating Partners' work or their internal governance \/ accountability processes.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Focusing on convening (i.e. providing a platform for Partners to discuss and agree on ways to align their existing and new activities) and brokering (i.e. actively brokering knowledge, innovations, collaborations, etc. among Partners).<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Being driven by country demand and regional priorities.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>Promoting the Continuum of Care approach to improve women's and children's health.<\/p>\r\n<p> <\/p>\r\n<p>The success of the Partnership will be measured in its ability to achieve the identified outcomes for each of its three Strategic Objectives, and ultimately supporting the Partners to deliver their respective mandates, and achieve better RMNCH outcomes in high-burden countries that would otherwise have been possible.<\/p>","post_title":"The Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health (PMNCH)","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"partnership-maternal-newborn-child-health-pmnch","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2016-01-21 19:32:02","post_modified_gmt":"2016-01-21 19:32:02","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=partner&p=822","menu_order":0,"post_type":"partner","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"issues":[{"ID":14757,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2020-05-28 17:47:37","post_date_gmt":"2020-05-28 21:47:37","post_content":"<p>[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1593021077725{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Nearly 750,000 newborns lives could be saved every year with specific interventions for small and sick newborns.<\/h4>\n<p>In order to achieve SDG 3 (to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages) focus is needed in improving care for every newborn, mainly in those who are born small (from prematurity or intrauterine growth restriction) or become ill. These babies are at high risk of dying or becoming disabled; an estimated 1 million of survivors in this group survive with a long-term disability.<\/p>\n<p>Approximately 80% of the 2.4 million newborn deaths globally every year, are in low-birth-weight (LBW); two thirds of deaths happen in those born prematurely. Care in facilities for newborns is needed for the most common conditions, such as complications from prematurity, intrapartum brain injury, severe bacterial infection, pathological jaundice, and congenital conditions. (1)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">2<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">infants born with low birthweight who die globally (2015)<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>1m<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">premature babies (less than 37 completed weeks of gestation) who die globally every year<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">30<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">newborns who <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/276655\/WHO-FWC-MCA-18.11-eng.pdf?ua=1\">require care in facilities<\/a> globally every year<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a>\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/em><\/h6>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"What can be done?\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Where is the improvement in care most needed?<\/h4>\n<p>Ninety-eight percent of neonatal deaths occur in low and middle-income countries, with 75% occurring in Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (2). Of the 10 countries with the highest NMRs, eight are in Africa, where the majority have experienced a recent humanitarian crisis. In humanitarian settings, pregnant and post-partum women face enormous challenges to access care for themselves and for their newborns. These women are also at risk for malnutrition, sexual violence, poor mental health and unplanned pregnancies, as well as those related to births with no skilled attendants. (3)<\/p>\n<p>In high-income countries (HICs), the neonatal mortality rate is usually low, and most small newborns survive and thrive. In middle-income countries (MICs), the risk of disability for infants born between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation is nearly double that of HICs, due to deficiencies in the quality of care. In low-income countries (LICs), disability is uncommon since the smallest and sickest newborns, usually die due to lack of access to essential care or more advanced care when needed. (4)<\/p>\n<h4>What is the care needed?<\/h4>\n<p>Most newborns can survive and thrive when good quality health care, including appropriate inpatient care, is available. In order to provide appropriate care for small and sick newborns, LMICs require improvements in inpatient care to reduce mortality and avoid long-term complications. High-quality inpatient care requires an adequate space, competent professionals in all areas, and equipment and supplies to deliver the care. All newborns require essential care, particularly at the time of birth and during the first days of life, whether in a health facility or at home. Most small and sick newborns require special inpatient care, which can only be provided in a health facility. Intensive care in a high-level referral facility is only required by a third of sick newborns. In addition, the linkages between obstetric and neonatal services need to be protected and strengthened. The Survive and Thrive report provides a list of in-patient interventions proven effective in preventing newborn mortality and disability, by each level of care; and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/standards-for-improving-the-quality-of-care-for-small-and-sick-newborns-in-health-facilities\/\">WHO\u2019s standards for quality care of small and sick newborns in facilities<\/a> specify the various aspects of the health systems that need to be improved. Core interventions that should be available to all small or sick newborns beyond basic essential care for all newborns include:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kangaroo Mother Care started as soon as possible after birth for small newborns, provided as continuously as possible for at least 20 hours per day during the time the newborn is transitioning and receiving neonatal special care;<\/li>\n<li>Immediate and exclusive breastfeeding, including colostrum,\u00a0 provided by cup, spoon, or NG tube if baby is unable to breastfeed;<\/li>\n<li>Respiratory support when needed, guaranteeing safe oxygen use through blended air-oxygen and with oxygen saturation monitoring;<\/li>\n<li>CPAP for respiratory distress requiring positive airway pressure with guarantees of safe oxygen use and oxygen saturation monitoring;<\/li>\n<li>Appropriate and timely management of suspected serious infections (eg, sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis) with antibiotics and supportive care as needed;<\/li>\n<li>Family-centered care with families having continuous access to their babies in special care or neonatal intensive care, and participating in providing appropriate care of their baby;<\/li>\n<li>Developmentally supportive care for newborns and support for families to provide nurturing care in facilities and after discharge home;<\/li>\n<li>Discharge planning with parents to ensure their competence and confidence to provide essential nurturing care at home; and<\/li>\n<li>Follow up care after discharge from appropriate trained health care workers to monitor the baby\u2019s condition, support the family for KMC and nurturing care, and referral for any new danger signs or complications (including Retinopathy of Prematurity follow up for small babies receiving oxygen therapy).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The WHO released <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/who-recommendations-for-care-of-the-preterm-or-low-birth-weight-infant\/\">recommendations for care of the preterm or low-birth-weight infant\u00a0<\/a>in 2022 detailing some of these core interventions.<\/p>\n<p>(1,5)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452735746534{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>The Nurturing Care Framework for ECD<\/h4>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/nurturing-care-for-early-childhood-development-a-framework-for-helping-children-survive-and-thrive-to-transform-health-and-human-potential\/\">Nurturing Care Framework for Early Childhood Development<\/a>, launched by WHO, UNICEF and the World Bank Group in 2018, demonstrates that focusing on ECD is one of the wisest investments a country can make to boost economic growth. Nurturing care is the provision of a stable environment that promotes children\u2019s health and nutrition and interactions that are responsive, emotionally supportive, and developmentally stimulating, while providing protection from threats.<\/p>\n<p>Neurosensory development begins in-utero and is responsive to positive and negative influences in the external environment from the time of birth. Hence early life exposure to hostile environment, including stress is linked to decreased brain density, with longer-term effects on learning outcomes. Newborns who are small \u2014 preterm, low birth weight, and\/or small for their gestational age \u2014 and\/or are sick \u2014 from infections, intrapartum related complications and pathological jaundice \u2014 are at heightened risk of neurodevelopmental delays and disabilities.<\/p>\n<p>Traditional inpatient care facilities expose vulnerable newborns to excess sound and light conditions in the units, potential harm from unsafe oxygen use, separation of the mother-infant dyad, leading to parental stress and negative psychological effects in addition to delayed feeding and difficulties breastfeeding which can persist after discharge. Of the 13 million preterm newborns who survive globally each year, an estimated 2.7% have moderate to severe impairments and 4.4% have mild neurodevelopmental impairments.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: lighter;\">Nurturing care for small and sick newborns is possible. Several evidence-based interventions can create a healing physical and sensory environment. These include Family Centered Care that allows for non-separation of the mother from her newborn; Kangaroo Care, including immediate initiation even when the newborn is receiving special care in the SCU\/NICU; the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative that supports the mother for breastmilk feeding; safety and security through infection prevention and control; judicious use of antibiotics; and safe oxygen use when needed.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Use of data for action<\/h4>\n<p>Countries are required to improve the measurement of the care of small and sick newborns, and their later development and health in order to achieve the goal of ending all preventable deaths by 2030.<\/p>\n<p>It is of utmost importance to collect and analyze data on coverage and quality of care, including long-term outcomes in the most at-risk. In order to guide programs and investments, the continuous monitoring of data on quality of care is a key element for better results for newborns\u2019 survival and thriving.<\/p>\n<p>It is also important to establish good measurement for innovations implemented in LMICs for the care of high-risk newborns. Some examples are simpler and affordable technologies, such as bubble CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure), or innovative implementation approaches, such as task-shifting roles for various cadres of health workers.<\/p>\n<p> <\/p>\n<p><img class=\"wp-image-43882 \" src=\"\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/kangaroo-mother-care-2020-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"546\" height=\"409\" \/>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=\".vc_custom_1593021721082{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Cost of care and return on investment<\/h4>\n<p>The Survive and Thrive report mentions that the increased investment by LMICs to improve access to inpatient quality care for small and sick newborns is currently at US$ 0.20 per person and US$ 1,700 per newborn death averted. The investment in health and development of all newborns, providing a good start in the life cycle, and in particular for the most at-risk, will potentially increase economic development in such countries.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_single_image image=\"43329\" onclick=\"custom_link\" link=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/preterm-birth-complications\/\"][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Every Newborn Tracking Progress toward SDG Targets<\/h4>\n<p>The Every Newborn Action Plan set concrete goals regarding newborn mortality and stillbirths in general and the care for small and sick newborns specifically. Interim goals and targets for 2025 were developed in 2020 through a multi-partnered consultative process by global and country leaders and experts. The four goals are to 1)eliminate preventable newborn and stillbirth deaths by 2025, 2) that 90% of mothers have four or more antenatal visits, 3) 90% of births are attended by trained health personnel, and that 4) 80% of mothers receive routine postnatal care within two days of birth, and <strong>80% of districts in all countries have <\/strong><strong>at least 1 inpatient newborn care unit (level 2) care to provide small and sick\/or newborns<\/strong>.[\/vc_column_text][vc_btn title=\"More on ENAP\" color=\"1\" link=\"url:https%3A%2F%2Fwww.healthynewbornnetwork.org%2Fissue%2Fevery-newborn%2F||target:%20_blank|\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator color=\"custom\" css=\".vc_custom_1453408765156{margin-bottom: 50px !important;}\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_single_image image=\"40699\" onclick=\"custom_link\" link=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/complications-during-childbirth\/\"][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Care of the Small and Sick Newborn Community of Practice (SSNB CoP)<\/h4>\n<p>The Care of the Small and Sick Newborn Community of Practice (SSNB CoP), is an interactive platform that allows practitioners and experts to exchange ideas, share lessons learned, disseminate and discuss implementation research results and evidence in the area of newborn health.<\/p>\n<p>The Care of SSNB provides a space for dissemination of the standards and the implementation toolkit, including country experiences shared in <a href=\"https:\/\/nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.healthynewbornnetwork.org%2Fsearch-global%2F%3F_sf_s%3Dssnb%2520cop&data=05%7C01%7Ceshea%40savechildren.org%7Cb74cd511435543cf02ab08da33566f65%7Cd1934b2d792c47cca2f5fc634183cd2d%7C0%7C0%7C637878743576252255%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=roR04RmJrTTzTgsKVoE6v4UWcN8rcgGMOFm%2BruWhDkA%3D&reserved=0\">webinars<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>REQUEST<\/strong>\u202fto join the SSNB CoP email list serve by emailing <a href=\"mailto:SSNB+subscribe@groups.ibpnetwork.org\">SSNB+subscribe@groups.ibpnetwork.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>REQUEST\u202f<\/strong>to join the SSNB CoP Online IBP Exchange Group <a href=\"https:\/\/nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fibpnetwork.org%2Ftopics%2F14356%2Ffeed&data=05%7C01%7Ceshea%40savechildren.org%7Cb74cd511435543cf02ab08da33566f65%7Cd1934b2d792c47cca2f5fc634183cd2d%7C0%7C0%7C637878743576252255%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=WSEjIXQVSHXs7Je08Eddbx0x5LD8Zuon6xi9mvo2heM%3D&reserved=0\">here<\/a>.[\/vc_column_text][vc_btn title=\"More on the Care of the Small & Sick Newborn\" color=\"1\" link=\"url:https%3A%2F%2Fibpnetwork.org%2Ftopics%2F14356%2Ffeed||target:%20_blank|\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Sources:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/survive-and-thrive-transforming-care-for-every-small-and-sick-newborn\/\">UNICEF, WHO. Survive and thrive: transforming care for every small and sick newborn. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/newborns-reducing-mortality\">WHO.Newborns: improving survival and well-being;2020<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resource-pdf\/MMR_in_humanitarian_settings-final4_0.pdf\">United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Maternal Mortality in Humanitarian Crises and in Fragile Settings<span style=\"font-weight: lighter;\">; 2015<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/Caring-for-Mothers-and-Newborns-in-Humanitarian-Emergencies-1.pdf\">\u00a0IAWG. Surviving Day One: Caring for Mothers and Newborns in Emergencies on the Day of Childbirth; 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/categorising-interventions-to-levels-of-inpatient-care-for-small-and-sick-newborns-findings-from-a-global-survey\/\">Moxon et al. Categorising interventions to levels of inpatient care for small and sick newborns: Findings from a global survey; 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_column][\/vc_column][ultimate_exp_section title=\"Key Resources\" icon=\"Defaults-circle\" new_icon=\"Defaults-circle-o\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/the-lancet-small-vulnerable-newborns-series\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Lancet Small Vulnerable Newborns Series (2023)<\/a> - This Series presents a new conceptual framework that brings preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and low birthweight (LBW) together under the term \u201csmall vulnerable newborns\u201d (SVN) in order to contribute to healthier and thriving women, newborns, children, adults, and societies.<\/li>\n<li>WHO <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/standards-for-improving-the-quality-of-care-for-small-and-sick-newborns-in-health-facilities\/\">Standards for improving the quality of care for small and sick newborns in health facilities<\/a> \u2014 Theses standards for the care of small and sick newborns in health facilities define, standardize and mainstream inpatient care of small and sick newborns, building on essential newborn care and ensuring consistency with the WHO quality of care framework.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/survive-and-thrive-transforming-care-for-every-small-and-sick-newborn\/\">Survive and Thrive: transforming care for every small and sick newborn<\/a> \u2014 This report maps out a pathway towards 2030. It is built upon epidemiology, historical trends, lessons learnt and evidence-based interventions.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/every-preemie-scale-launches-no-harm-technical-briefs-improve-safe-effective-use-key-inpatient-newborn-care-interventions\/\">Every Preemie Do No Harm Technical Briefs<\/a> \u2014 This series of briefs was developed between 2017-2019 and highlights the safe and effective use of specific inpatient newborn care interventions, with the guiding principle of \u201cDo No Harm.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/nurturing-care-for-every-newborn\/\">Nurturing Care for Every Newborn<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 This brief summarizes why nurturing care is essential for every newborn to survive and thrive. It outlines the five components of nurturing care and contains examples of practical actions to create and strengthen nurturing environments for newborns, including those who are born too soon, small or sick.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/nurturing-care-for-early-childhood-development-a-framework-for-helping-children-survive-and-thrive-to-transform-health-and-human-potential\/\">The Nurturing Care Framework for Early Childhood Development<\/a> \u2014 This framework draws on state-of-the-art evidence on how ECD unfolds to set out the most effective policies and services that will help parents and caregivers provide nurturing care for babies.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/implementation-toolkit-for-small-and-sick-newborn-care\/\">Implementation Toolkit for Small and Sick Newborn Care<\/a> \u2014Released on World Prematurity Day 2021, this Implementation Toolkit brings together readings, tools and learnings to provide a one-stop shop for implementers to act, use, share and learn. Information in support of WHO norms and standards from more than 300 implementers around the world is systematically organised to enable implementation and reach every newborn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/ultimate_exp_section][ultimate_exp_section title=\"Guidelines and Statements\" icon=\"Defaults-circle\" new_icon=\"Defaults-circle-o\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/newborn-health-standards.org\/\">European Standards of Care for Newborn Health<\/a> \u2014 The ESCNH project aims to address disparities in the care of preterm and ill infants by developing standards for a wide range of topics in newborn health.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nicudesign.nd.edu\/nicu-care-standards\">Consensus Standards on Infant and Family-Centered Developmental Care<\/a> \u2014 This web document is the full report of the Consensus Committee of the Standards, Competencies, and Best Practices for Infant and Family-Centered Developmental Care in the ICU.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/advancesinneonatalcare\/Fulltext\/2019\/02000\/Guidelines_for_the_Institutional_Implementation_of.4.aspx\">Guidelines for the Institutional Implementation of Developmental Neuroprotective Care in the NICU: A Joint Position Statement from CANN, CAPWHN, NANN, and COINN (2019)<\/a> \u2014 This position statement provides an evidence-based framework for the institutional implementation of developmentally supportive, neuroprotective care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nidcap.org\/\">Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program<\/a> \u2014 NIDCAP is an organization that supports development, enhances strengths and minimizes stress for infants, family and staff who care for them.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/newborn-individualized-developmental-care-and-assessment-program-nidcap-an-education-and-training-program-for-health-care-professionals\/\">NIDCAP Program Guide<\/a> \u2014 Educational and consultative support and assistance to NICU and special care nursery settings towards effective delivery of intensive and special care in a neurodevelopmentally supportive, individualized, and family-centered framework.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ifdc-familyintegratedcare.com\/\">Integrated Family Delivered Neonatal Care<\/a> \u2014 Online resources by the Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust to create a consistent, nurturing environment for parents to feel engaged, enabled, educated and empowered as the primary caregivers to their babies.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fundacioncanguro.co\/en\/fundacion-canguro-english\/\">Kangaroo Foundation training kit (English, Spanish, French)<\/a> \u2014 This site hosts online resources to encourage the use, development and dissemination of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), a methodology based on scientific evidence.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nurturescienceprogram.org\/family-nurture-intervention\/\">Family Nurture Intervention<\/a> \u2014 This program helps families re-establish emotional connection and autonomic co-regulation if they are interrupted, with significant short- and long-term benefits for both baby and mother.<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"Hyperlink SCXW255313088 BCX8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8063066\/?report=printable\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXW255313088 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW255313088 BCX8\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"Hyperlink\">Post Partum Depression in NICU<\/span><\/span><\/a><span class=\"TextRun SCXW255313088 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW255313088 BCX8\"> \u2014 This resource highlights important results from a community KMC study in India indicating that postpartum depression was reduced in mothers when KMC was used.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW255313088 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":405}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marchofdimes.org\/nursing\/index.bm2?cid=00000003\">March of Dimes Education for Nurses <\/a>\u2014This site includes resources to equip nurses with the information they need to provide the highest quality care to newborns and mothers.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.familyintegratedcare.com\/\">Family Integrated Care<\/a> \u2014 FICare is a model that integrates families as partners in the NICU care team, and provides a structure that supports the implementation of family-centered care. This website provides helpful tools and resources to support this model.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/ultimate_exp_section][ultimate_exp_section title=\"Educational Materials for Professionals\" icon=\"Defaults-circle\" new_icon=\"Defaults-circle-o\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/53398\/\">Psychosocial standards for NICU Parents<\/a> \u2014 This article provides a rationale for and brief description of the process of developing recommendations for program standards for psychosocial support of parents with babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3697041\/\">National Perinatal Association Multidisciplinary Guidelines for the Care of Late Preterm Infants \u2014<\/a> This supplement was published on behalf of the Late Preterm Infant Guidelines Steering Committee with permission from The National Perinatal Association.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/small-and-sick-newborn-care-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-global-survey-and-thematic-analysis-of-healthcare-providers-voices-and-experiences\/\">Small and sick newborn care during the COVID-19 pandemic: global survey and thematic analysis of healthcare providers\u2019 voices and experiences<\/a> \u2014 This study surveyed reported disruptions to small and sick newborn care worldwide and analyzed healthcare providers\u2019 experiences and proposed mitigation strategies<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/immediate-kangaroo-mother-care-and-survival-of-infants-with-low-birth-weight\/\">Immediate \u201cKangaroo Mother Care\u201d and Survival of Infants with Low Birth Weight<\/a> \u2014 This research published in 2021 shows evidence that immediate KMC dramatically improves survival rates of small and sick newborns.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/kangaroo-mother-care-had-a-protective-effect-on-the-volume-of-brain-structures-in-young-adults-born-preterm\/\">Kangaroo mother care had a protective effect on the volume of brain structures in young adults born preterm<\/a> \u2014 This study is one of the first to show evidence of the long-term benefits of KMC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/ultimate_exp_section][ultimate_exp_section title=\"Parent Education and Integrated Family Delivered Neonatal Care\" icon=\"Defaults-circle\" new_icon=\"Defaults-circle-o\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ifdc-familyintegratedcare.com\/\">NHS Imperial College Healthcare \u2013 Parent NICU App<\/a> \u2014 This app helps parents through their NICU journey in the ethos of family integrated care.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bliss.org.uk\/health-professionals\/information-and-resources\/resources-for-parents\">Bliss Resources for Parents (in conjunction with IFDC Care Bundle)<\/a> \u2014 Downloadable resources to give to parents on neonatal units or you can direct them to the information on this website.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/ultimate_exp_section][vc_row][\/vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column]<\/p>\n","post_title":"Care of small and sick newborns","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"care-of-small-and-sick-newborns","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-08-02 12:39:31","post_modified_gmt":"2023-08-02 16:39:31","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&p=14757","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":19551,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2019-12-16 14:55:12","post_date_gmt":"2019-12-16 19:55:12","post_content":"<p>[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>The transition to becoming a parent for the first time is a time of rapid changes (sexual debut, first pregnancy, marriage, first birth, learning to care for a newborn), often within the space of a year. Globally, about 12 million adolescent girls (ages 15-19) and many more young women (ages 20-24) become parents every year. Data on childbirths to very young adolescent (ages 10-14) is becoming more available, with a global rate of 1.5 per 1,000 women in 2022.<\/h2>\n<p>These first-time parents (FTPs), girls and women between the ages of 15 and 24 who have one child and\/or who are pregnant, and their male partners\u2013often navigate these life milestones with varied support from their family, community, and the health system, with adverse health outcomes.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">42.5<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"3\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1690995172014{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">births per 1,000 adolescent girls age 15-19 (2016-2021)<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">34<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"3\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1666043445113{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">percent higher risk of death in the neonatal period among babies born to adolescent mothers<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Newborn Numbers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/span><\/h6>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_text_separator title=\"What can be done?\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]Due to social and biological vulnerabilities, pregnancy in adolescence is associated with poor health outcomes for mothers and newborns. First-time parents use of health services during and following pregnancy is often low, due to limited decision-making power, stigma, lack of resources, and judgmental attitudes from health workers. Rapid repeat pregnancies, defined as less than 24 months after the previous birth, increase risk of preterm birth, low birthweight, small size for gestational age, and infant and early childhood mortality\u2014and, in many contexts, are more common among adolescent mothers.<\/p>\n<p>Early pregnancy is also associated with adverse education and economic outcomes for mothers. A focus on increasing FTPs\u2019 timely and continued use of health services across the continuum of care\u2014antenatal care, maternity, postnatal, newborn, and postpartum family planning\u2014is essential to improving health and other outcomes for mothers and babies.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]Comprehensive approaches targeting FTPs have yielded promising results, increasing use of family planning and other health services, improving social support for FTPs, and encouraging more gender-equitable household practices. Projects and research with FTPs have shown several common essential elements.<\/p>\n<p>Reflecting the diverse needs and varied influences of FTPs, activities at the individual, couple, household, community, and health system levels are needed. Engagement of household influencers and key decision-makers, especially mothers-in-law, is critical, as is addressing social norms that encourage early and closely-spaced pregnancy and limit girls\u2019 decision-making power. Efforts to strengthen service quality and the health system\u2019s responsiveness to the needs of FTPs are key.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452735746534{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Useful resources<\/h4>\n<p>Increasingly, evidence highlights the importance of framing efforts around FTPs\u2019 aspirations for their and their child\u2019s future\u2013as well as addressing the needs and aspirations of their male partners. Last, research and program learning highlights that approaches must be tailored to the needs of diverse FTPs, particularly the distinction between those who are married versus parenting alone. Applying these key elements to approaches that reach FTPs at scale is an area for future learning.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some resources:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/resourcecentre.savethechildren.net\/library\/connect-increasing-use-pospartum-family-planning-first-time-parents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Connect factsheet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/reaching-the-youngest-moms-and-dads-a-socio-ecological-view-of-actors-and-factors-influencing-first-time-young-parents-use-of-sexual-and-reproductive-health-services-in-madagascar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reaching the youngest moms and dads<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/beyond-the-abcs-of-ftps-a-deep-diver-into-emerging-considerations-for-first-time-parent-programs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A deep dive into emerging considerations for FTP programs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/because-my-husband-and-i-have-never-had-a-baby-before-results-and-lessons-from-interventions-with-first-time-parents-in-madagascar-mozambique-and-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Results and Lessons from FTP Interventions in Madagascar, Mozambique, and Nigeria<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecompassforsbc.org\/sbcc-tools\/evidence-action-e2a-projects-first-time-parent-framework\">First-time Parent Framework<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mcsprogram.org\/resource\/factors-impacting-use-health-services-first-time-young-parents-formative-research-toolkit\/?_sfm_resource_sub_topic=adolescents\">FTP Formative Research Toolkit<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<img class=\"size-full wp-image-40870\" src=\"\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/CH188126.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"798\" height=\"1200\" \/>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","post_title":"First-time parents","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"first_time_parents","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-08-02 12:56:06","post_modified_gmt":"2023-08-02 16:56:06","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&p=19551","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":136,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 15:21:03","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 15:21:03","post_content":"[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>Integrating postpartum family planning services and counseling into childbirth care is vital to newborn and maternal health and survival.<\/h2>\r\nOffering contraceptive counselling and a wide range of modern methods along the continuum of childbirth care has shown to increase contraception use, which enables women to choose when and if to have a baby. Family planning use is considered postpartum if the woman initiates and uses a method in the first twelve months after childbirth. Postpartum reproductive health and family planning also includes services initiated after miscarriage or abortion. Pregnancies that are spaced by at least two years after a live birth and six months after a miscarriage or induced abortion can reduce the risk of complications and adverse newborn outcomes. Maternal survival is also impacted as women who practice healthy timing and spacing of pregnancies are less likely to die in childbirth or from pregnancy complications. Integrating contraception counseling and services into quality antenatal, postnatal, and newborn care is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/immediate-postpartum-family-planning\/\">proven intervention<\/a> and should be included in both facility and community based services.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">163<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1666117399105{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of women with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(22)00936-9\/fulltext\">unmet need for modern contraception services in 2019<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">1.7<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1667922548234{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of fewer newborn deaths annually if <a href=\"https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/fact-sheet\/investing-sexual-and-reproductive-health-low-and-middle-income-countries\">unmet contraceptive need is met <\/a>in LMICs<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">700<\/span>k<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1667922954092{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of stillbirths that could be averted annually if <a href=\"https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/report\/adding-it-up-investing-in-sexual-reproductive-health-2019\">unmet contraceptive need is met<\/a> in LMICS<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Newborn Numbers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/span><\/h6>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"More on Family Planning\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<strong>Family planning methods:<\/strong> There are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/family-planning-contraception\">many methods available<\/a>, under many different brand names. Modern methods include oral contraception pills, implants, injectable, intrauterine devices (IUDs), emergency contraception, male and female condoms, male and female sterilization, and lactational amenorrhea method (LAM). Additional methods include withdrawal, the calendar or rhythm method, and other fertility based methods. Some are more effective than others, and many rely on proper use to ensure effectiveness. Most of these contraceptives can be <a href=\"https:\/\/postpartumfp.srhr.org\/\">safely used immediately postpartum<\/a>; the rest can be initiated shortly after delivery, within a few weeks to six months.\r\n\r\nThe lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/9678098\/\">98% effective<\/a> for the first six months postpartum. LAM prevents pregnancy while the mother is exclusively breastfeeding. It becomes less effective when other foods and liquids, like formula, are included, so women who are unable to exclusively breastfeed should consider other methods.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<strong>Spacing of pregnancy:<\/strong>\u00a0Use of family planning helps achieve healthy spacing of pregnancies, which is critical to a healthy pregnancy and delivery and to newborn survival. When pregnancies are too close together (less than 24 months between the last live birth and the next pregnancy), the risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, and newborn death increases; when pregnancy begins within six months of the last live birth, these complications are even more likely. Furthermore, when a mother who is still nursing an infant of any age becomes pregnant again, it is difficult to meet the nutritional needs of the mother, nursing baby, and fetus.\r\n\r\n<strong>Timing of pregnancy:<\/strong>\u00a0Studies have shown that both newborns and mothers have the healthiest outcomes when pregnancies occur after age 18. When mothers are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4562289\/\">younger than 18<\/a>, they and their infants face increased risk of birth\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/complications-during-childbirth\/\">complications<\/a>, including stillbirth, low birth weight, and preterm birth. When possible, it is recommended to time pregnancies appropriately, especially by delaying first pregnancy until at least age 18. Adolescents, regardless of marital status, should have access to contraceptive methods to delay pregnancy.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_single_image image=\"56227\" add_caption=\"yes\"][vc_text_separator title=\"Key resources\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/training-resource-package-for-family-planning\/\">Training Resource Package for Family Planning\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fphandbook.org\/\">Family Planning Global Handbook for Providers<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/immediate-postpartum-family-planning\/\">High Impact Practices for Family Planning \u2013 Immediate Postpartum Family Planning<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/negative-effects-of-short-birth-interval-on-child-mortality-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis\/\">Negative effects of short birth interval on child mortality in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta analysis<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/family-planning-contraception\">WHO Family planning\/contraception methods<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/9678098\/\">Postpartum contraception: the lactational amenorrhea method<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"Reproductive health & family planning","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"reproductive-health-family-planning","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-02-07 16:00:38","post_modified_gmt":"2023-02-07 21:00:38","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&p=136","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"regions":[{"ID":247,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-11-22 21:37:22","post_date_gmt":"2015-11-22 21:37:22","post_content":"","post_title":"Africa","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"africa","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2016-02-11 21:42:43","post_modified_gmt":"2016-02-11 21:42:43","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=region&p=247","menu_order":0,"post_type":"region","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"countries":[{"ID":190,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 21:59:16","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 21:59:16","post_content":"[vc_row][vc_column css=\".vc_custom_1453305596740{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}\"][vc_text_separator title=\"Leading causes of neonatal deaths in Kenya (2020)\" el_class=\"transform:upperclass\"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_round_chart type=\"doughnut\" stroke_width=\"1\" stroke_color=\"custom\" values=\"%5B%7B%22title%22%3A%221%25%20Diarrhoea%22%2C%22value%22%3A%221%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22vista-blue%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%220%25%20Tetanus%22%2C%22value%22%3A%220%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22mulled-wine%22%2C%22custom_color%22%3A%22%23555555%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%229%25%20Pneumonia%22%2C%22value%22%3A%229%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22peacoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%2239%25%20Preterm%20birth%20complications%22%2C%22value%22%3A%2239%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22blue%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%2226%25%20Intrapartum%20related%20events%22%2C%22value%22%3A%2226%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22turquoise%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%226%25%20Sepsis%20and%20other%20infectious%20conditions%20of%20the%20newborn%22%2C%22value%22%3A%226%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22pink%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%227%25%20Congenital%20abnormalities%5Ct%22%2C%22value%22%3A%227%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22violet%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%2212%25%20Other%20conditions%22%2C%22value%22%3A%2212%25%22%2C%22color%22%3A%22chino%22%7D%5D\" custom_stroke_color=\"#f6f6f4\" css=\".vc_custom_1686158928999{padding-right: 30px !important;padding-left: 30px !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: contain !important;}\"][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text]\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\">Source: Estimates for causes of death 2000-2020 generated by the WHO and Maternal and Child Epidemiology Estimation Group (MCEE) 2023 and downloaded from <a href=\"http:\/\/data.unicef.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/data.unicef.org&source=gmail&ust=1551964625737000&usg=AFQjCNFsFTtu9FzS8H64YC88NPOzQVbPwQ\">http:\/\/data.unicef.org<\/a><\/h6>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" gap=\"5\" css=\".vc_custom_1453306441839{background-image: url(\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/country-stat-bkgr.jpg?id=389) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}\"][vc_column css=\".vc_custom_1453306493120{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;}\"][vc_text_separator title=\"key indicators\" el_class=\"transform:uppercase text-white\"][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686159003707{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #e05533;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">18.4<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Newborn mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686159017138{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #d9a23b;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">1.9<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Annual reduction in newborn mortality rate 2000-2021 (%)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1650893091343{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #41aaab;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">50<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Proportion of under-5 child deaths that are newborn (%)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686159032200{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #e05533;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">18.5<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Stillbirth rate (deaths per 1,000 births)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686158945191{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #d9a23b;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">70.2<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Skilled birth attendance (%)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1484418978635{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #41aaab;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">62\r\n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Early initiation of breastfeeding (%)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1698696361666{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #e05533;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">8.8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Preterm birth rate (births <37 weeks per 100 live births)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/4\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1686158969454{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\"]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #d9a23b;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">530<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\"text-white\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100,000 live births)<\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1453307990481{margin-top: 20px !important;}\"]\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Visit our<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a> <span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">page to explore the most recent data further<\/span><\/h5>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"Kenya","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"kenya","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-10-30 16:04:37","post_modified_gmt":"2023-10-30 20:04:37","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=country&p=190","menu_order":0,"post_type":"country","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"about_the_author":"","author_image":false,"external_link":"","why_feature":"","submitter_email":"","writein_authors_repeater":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60673"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7211"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60673"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60673\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60674"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}