{"id":50764,"date":"2022-08-17T23:33:13","date_gmt":"2022-08-18T03:33:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=resource&#038;p=50764"},"modified":"2022-08-17T23:58:36","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T03:58:36","slug":"care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/","title":{"rendered":"Care of Small Babies: Feeding with a Nasogastric Tube"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Video summary<\/h2>\n<p>If a small baby cannot feed enough by mouth, breastmilk can be given through a nasogastric tube. This video shows how to feed a baby with a nasogastric tube.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Feeding with a Nasogastric Tube - Small Baby Series\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/aTjymWCGHdc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><em>Global Health Media Project\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/globalhealthmedia.org\/topic\/small-baby\/?_sft_language=english\">Small Baby Series<\/a>\u00a0includes 27 teaching videos,\u00a0providing in-depth coverage on best-practice care of babies born too small or too soon. See\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/global-health-media-project-completes-video-series-best-practice-care-babies-born-small-soon\/\">summary info here<\/a>\u00a0for more information.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>For information on narrating this video in other languages, please contact:\u00a0Peter Cardellichio \u2013\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:peter@globalhealthmedia.org\">peter@globalhealthmedia.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p>#HNNTools<\/p>\n<p>You can also watch a video showing healthcare providers how to insert a nasogastric tube <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-inserting-a-nasogastric-tube\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Video summary If a small baby cannot feed enough by mouth, breastmilk can be given through a nasogastric tube. This video shows how to feed a baby with a nasogastric tube. Global Health Media Project\u2019s\u00a0Small Baby Series\u00a0includes 27 teaching videos,\u00a0providing in-depth coverage on best-practice care of babies born too small or too soon. See\u00a0summary info &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7211,"featured_media":50873,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","toolkit":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Healthy Newborn Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Care of Small Babies: Feeding with a Nasogastric Tube - Healthy Newborn Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Video summary If a small baby cannot feed enough by mouth, breastmilk can be given through a nasogastric tube. This video shows how to feed a baby with a nasogastric tube. Global Health Media Project\u2019s\u00a0Small Baby Series\u00a0includes 27 teaching videos,\u00a0providing in-depth coverage on best-practice care of babies born too small or too soon. See\u00a0summary info &hellip; Continued\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Healthy Newborn Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-18T03:58:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"743\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/\",\"name\":\"Care of Small Babies: Feeding with a Nasogastric Tube - Healthy Newborn Network\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-08-18T03:33:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-08-18T03:58:36+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg\",\"width\":768,\"height\":743},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Care of Small Babies: Feeding with a Nasogastric Tube\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/\",\"name\":\"Healthy Newborn Network\",\"description\":\"Addressing critical knowledge gaps in newborn health.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Healthy Newborn Network","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Care of Small Babies: Feeding with a Nasogastric Tube - Healthy Newborn Network","og_description":"Video summary If a small baby cannot feed enough by mouth, breastmilk can be given through a nasogastric tube. This video shows how to feed a baby with a nasogastric tube. Global Health Media Project\u2019s\u00a0Small Baby Series\u00a0includes 27 teaching videos,\u00a0providing in-depth coverage on best-practice care of babies born too small or too soon. See\u00a0summary info &hellip; Continued","og_url":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/","og_site_name":"Healthy Newborn Network","article_modified_time":"2022-08-18T03:58:36+00:00","og_image":[{"width":768,"height":743,"url":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/","url":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/","name":"Care of Small Babies: Feeding with a Nasogastric Tube - Healthy Newborn Network","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg","datePublished":"2022-08-18T03:33:13+00:00","dateModified":"2022-08-18T03:58:36+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg","width":768,"height":743},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/care-of-small-babies-feeding-with-a-nasogastric-tube\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Care of Small Babies: Feeding with a Nasogastric Tube"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/","name":"Healthy Newborn Network","description":"Addressing critical knowledge gaps in newborn health.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"featured_image":"<img width=\"768\" height=\"743\" src=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/26-feedingwithnasogastrictube-300x290.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>","author_name":"HNN Team","author_image":"<img src=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/themes\/hnn\/dist\/images\/member-default.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"avatar avatar-32 photo\" height=\"32\" width=\"32\"\/>","acf_custom_fields":{"publication_date":"20220818","ft_img_caption":"","authors":false,"additional_authors":"","type":"tools_guidelines","language":["en"],"external_links":[{"link":""}],"files":[{"file":false}],"partners":[{"ID":561,"post_author":"2230","post_date":"2013-03-13 23:10:29","post_date_gmt":"2013-03-13 23:10:29","post_content":"Global Health Media Project produces and distributes teaching videos for frontline healthcare workers in low-resource settings. Based on international standards of care, the videos provide high-quality, step-by-step visual instructions that are easy to understand and put into action.\u00a0 The videos are professionally filmed on-location in developing world health clinics and voiced over to enable narration in local languages. The videos are distributed free-of-charge via the internet, where they can be watched online or downloaded to mobile devices for offline use.\r\n<h2>What we do<\/h2>\r\nWe have produced 150 films that have been accessed by people in every country in the world. We have completed four in-depth series on newborn care, care of small babies, childbirth, and breastfeeding. In response to the cholera epidemic in Haiti in 2010, we produced an award-winning film, <em>The Story of Cholera<\/em>. In 2015, in response to the Ebola crisis, we produced <em>The Story of Ebola<\/em>, in collaboration with Red Cross and UNICEF.\r\n\r\nOur videos are available in nearly 50 languages. They have been viewed online over 600 million times, and downloaded by more than 7,000 organizations, including UNICEF, WHO, Save the Children, Ministries of Health, teaching institutions, and NGOs both large and small.","post_title":"Global Health Media Project","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"global-health-media-project","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-04-25 11:41:17","post_modified_gmt":"2021-04-25 15:41:17","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=partner&#038;p=561","menu_order":0,"post_type":"partner","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"other_organizations":"","issues":[{"ID":14757,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2020-05-28 17:47:37","post_date_gmt":"2020-05-28 21:47:37","post_content":"<p>[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1593021077725{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Nearly 750,000 newborns lives could be saved every year with specific interventions for small and sick newborns.<\/h4>\n<p>In order to achieve SDG 3 (to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages) focus is needed in improving care for every newborn, mainly in those who are born small (from prematurity or intrauterine growth restriction) or become ill. These babies are at high risk of dying or becoming disabled; an estimated 1 million of survivors in this group survive with a long-term disability.<\/p>\n<p>Approximately 80% of the 2.4 million newborn deaths globally every year, are in low-birth-weight (LBW); two thirds of deaths happen in those born prematurely. Care in facilities for newborns is needed for the most common conditions, such as complications from prematurity, intrapartum brain injury, severe bacterial infection, pathological jaundice, and congenital conditions. (1)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">2<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">infants born with low birthweight who die globally (2015)<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>1m<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">premature babies (less than 37 completed weeks of gestation) who die globally every year<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">30<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">newborns who <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/276655\/WHO-FWC-MCA-18.11-eng.pdf?ua=1\">require care in facilities<\/a> globally every year<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a>\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/em><\/h6>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"What can be done?\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Where is the improvement in care most needed?<\/h4>\n<p>Ninety-eight percent of neonatal deaths occur in low and middle-income countries, with 75% occurring in Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (2). Of the 10 countries with the highest NMRs, eight are in Africa, where the majority have experienced a recent humanitarian crisis. In humanitarian settings, pregnant and post-partum women face enormous challenges to access care for themselves and for their newborns. These women are also at risk for malnutrition, sexual violence, poor mental health and unplanned pregnancies, as well as those related to births with no skilled attendants. (3)<\/p>\n<p>In high-income countries (HICs), the neonatal mortality rate is usually low, and most small newborns survive and thrive. In middle-income countries (MICs), the risk of disability for infants born between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation is nearly double that of HICs, due to deficiencies in the quality of care. In low-income countries (LICs), disability is uncommon since the smallest and sickest newborns, usually die due to lack of access to essential care or more advanced care when needed. (4)<\/p>\n<h4>What is the care needed?<\/h4>\n<p>Most newborns can survive and thrive when good quality health care, including appropriate inpatient care, is available. In order to provide appropriate care for small and sick newborns, LMICs require improvements in inpatient care to reduce mortality and avoid long-term complications. High-quality inpatient care requires an adequate space, competent professionals in all areas, and equipment and supplies to deliver the care. All newborns require essential care, particularly at the time of birth and during the first days of life, whether in a health facility or at home. Most small and sick newborns require special inpatient care, which can only be provided in a health facility. Intensive care in a high-level referral facility is only required by a third of sick newborns. In addition, the linkages between obstetric and neonatal services need to be protected and strengthened. The Survive and Thrive report provides a list of in-patient interventions proven effective in preventing newborn mortality and disability, by each level of care; and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/standards-for-improving-the-quality-of-care-for-small-and-sick-newborns-in-health-facilities\/\">WHO\u2019s standards for quality care of small and sick newborns in facilities<\/a> specify the various aspects of the health systems that need to be improved. Core interventions that should be available to all small or sick newborns beyond basic essential care for all newborns include:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kangaroo Mother Care started as soon as possible after birth for small newborns, provided as continuously as possible for at least 20 hours per day during the time the newborn is transitioning and receiving neonatal special care;<\/li>\n<li>Immediate and exclusive breastfeeding, including colostrum,\u00a0 provided by cup, spoon, or NG tube if baby is unable to breastfeed;<\/li>\n<li>Respiratory support when needed, guaranteeing safe oxygen use through blended air-oxygen and with oxygen saturation monitoring;<\/li>\n<li>CPAP for respiratory distress requiring positive airway pressure with guarantees of safe oxygen use and oxygen saturation monitoring;<\/li>\n<li>Appropriate and timely management of suspected serious infections (eg, sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis) with antibiotics and supportive care as needed;<\/li>\n<li>Family-centered care with families having continuous access to their babies in special care or neonatal intensive care, and participating in providing appropriate care of their baby;<\/li>\n<li>Developmentally supportive care for newborns and support for families to provide nurturing care in facilities and after discharge home;<\/li>\n<li>Discharge planning with parents to ensure their competence and confidence to provide essential nurturing care at home; and<\/li>\n<li>Follow up care after discharge from appropriate trained health care workers to monitor the baby\u2019s condition, support the family for KMC and nurturing care, and referral for any new danger signs or complications (including Retinopathy of Prematurity follow up for small babies receiving oxygen therapy).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The WHO released <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/who-recommendations-for-care-of-the-preterm-or-low-birth-weight-infant\/\">recommendations for care of the preterm or low-birth-weight infant\u00a0<\/a>in 2022 detailing some of these core interventions.<\/p>\n<p>(1,5)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452735746534{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>The Nurturing Care Framework for ECD<\/h4>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/nurturing-care-for-early-childhood-development-a-framework-for-helping-children-survive-and-thrive-to-transform-health-and-human-potential\/\">Nurturing Care Framework for Early Childhood Development<\/a>, launched by WHO, UNICEF and the World Bank Group in 2018, demonstrates that focusing on ECD is one of the wisest investments a country can make to boost economic growth. Nurturing care is the provision of a stable environment that promotes children\u2019s health and nutrition and interactions that are responsive, emotionally supportive, and developmentally stimulating, while providing protection from threats.<\/p>\n<p>Neurosensory development begins in-utero and is responsive to positive and negative influences in the external environment from the time of birth. Hence early life exposure to hostile environment, including stress is linked to decreased brain density, with longer-term effects on learning outcomes. Newborns who are small \u2014 preterm, low birth weight, and\/or small for their gestational age \u2014 and\/or are sick \u2014 from infections, intrapartum related complications and pathological jaundice \u2014 are at heightened risk of neurodevelopmental delays and disabilities.<\/p>\n<p>Traditional inpatient care facilities expose vulnerable newborns to excess sound and light conditions in the units, potential harm from unsafe oxygen use, separation of the mother-infant dyad, leading to parental stress and negative psychological effects in addition to delayed feeding and difficulties breastfeeding which can persist after discharge. Of the 13 million preterm newborns who survive globally each year, an estimated 2.7% have moderate to severe impairments and 4.4% have mild neurodevelopmental impairments.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: lighter;\">Nurturing care for small and sick newborns is possible. Several evidence-based interventions can create a healing physical and sensory environment. These include Family Centered Care that allows for non-separation of the mother from her newborn; Kangaroo Care, including immediate initiation even when the newborn is receiving special care in the SCU\/NICU; the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative that supports the mother for breastmilk feeding; safety and security through infection prevention and control; judicious use of antibiotics; and safe oxygen use when needed.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Use of data for action<\/h4>\n<p>Countries are required to improve the measurement of the care of small and sick newborns, and their later development and health in order to achieve the goal of ending all preventable deaths by 2030.<\/p>\n<p>It is of utmost importance to collect and analyze data on coverage and quality of care, including long-term outcomes in the most at-risk. In order to guide programs and investments, the continuous monitoring of data on quality of care is a key element for better results for newborns\u2019 survival and thriving.<\/p>\n<p>It is also important to establish good measurement for innovations implemented in LMICs for the care of high-risk newborns. Some examples are simpler and affordable technologies, such as bubble CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure), or innovative implementation approaches, such as task-shifting roles for various cadres of health workers.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"wp-image-43882 \" src=\"\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/kangaroo-mother-care-2020-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"546\" height=\"409\" \/>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=\".vc_custom_1593021721082{padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Cost of care and return on investment<\/h4>\n<p>The Survive and Thrive report mentions that the increased investment by LMICs to improve access to inpatient quality care for small and sick newborns is currently at US$ 0.20 per person and US$ 1,700 per newborn death averted. The investment in health and development of all newborns, providing a good start in the life cycle, and in particular for the most at-risk, will potentially increase economic development in such countries.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_single_image image=\"43329\" onclick=\"custom_link\" link=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/preterm-birth-complications\/\"][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Every Newborn Tracking Progress toward SDG Targets<\/h4>\n<p>The Every Newborn Action Plan set concrete goals regarding newborn mortality and stillbirths in general and the care for small and sick newborns specifically. Interim goals and targets for 2025 were developed in 2020 through a multi-partnered consultative process by global and country leaders and experts. The four goals are to 1)eliminate preventable newborn and stillbirth deaths by 2025, 2) that 90% of mothers have four or more antenatal visits, 3) 90% of births are attended by trained health personnel, and that 4) 80% of mothers receive routine postnatal care within two days of birth, and <strong>80% of districts in all countries have <\/strong><strong>at least 1 inpatient newborn care unit (level 2) care to provide small and sick\/or newborns<\/strong>.[\/vc_column_text][vc_btn title=\"More on ENAP\" color=\"1\" link=\"url:https%3A%2F%2Fwww.healthynewbornnetwork.org%2Fissue%2Fevery-newborn%2F||target:%20_blank|\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator color=\"custom\" css=\".vc_custom_1453408765156{margin-bottom: 50px !important;}\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_single_image image=\"40699\" onclick=\"custom_link\" link=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/complications-during-childbirth\/\"][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h4>Care of the Small and Sick Newborn Community of Practice (SSNB CoP)<\/h4>\n<p>The Care of the Small and Sick Newborn Community of Practice (SSNB CoP), is an interactive platform that allows practitioners and experts to exchange ideas, share lessons learned, disseminate and discuss implementation research results and evidence in the area of newborn health.<\/p>\n<p>The Care of SSNB provides a space for dissemination of the standards and the implementation toolkit, including country experiences shared in <a href=\"https:\/\/nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.healthynewbornnetwork.org%2Fsearch-global%2F%3F_sf_s%3Dssnb%2520cop&amp;data=05%7C01%7Ceshea%40savechildren.org%7Cb74cd511435543cf02ab08da33566f65%7Cd1934b2d792c47cca2f5fc634183cd2d%7C0%7C0%7C637878743576252255%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&amp;sdata=roR04RmJrTTzTgsKVoE6v4UWcN8rcgGMOFm%2BruWhDkA%3D&amp;reserved=0\">webinars<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>REQUEST<\/strong>\u202fto join the SSNB CoP email list serve by emailing <a href=\"mailto:SSNB+subscribe@groups.ibpnetwork.org\">SSNB+subscribe@groups.ibpnetwork.org<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>REQUEST\u202f<\/strong>to join the SSNB CoP Online IBP Exchange Group <a href=\"https:\/\/nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fibpnetwork.org%2Ftopics%2F14356%2Ffeed&amp;data=05%7C01%7Ceshea%40savechildren.org%7Cb74cd511435543cf02ab08da33566f65%7Cd1934b2d792c47cca2f5fc634183cd2d%7C0%7C0%7C637878743576252255%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&amp;sdata=WSEjIXQVSHXs7Je08Eddbx0x5LD8Zuon6xi9mvo2heM%3D&amp;reserved=0\">here<\/a>.[\/vc_column_text][vc_btn title=\"More on the Care of the Small &amp; Sick Newborn\" color=\"1\" link=\"url:https%3A%2F%2Fibpnetwork.org%2Ftopics%2F14356%2Ffeed||target:%20_blank|\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Sources:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/survive-and-thrive-transforming-care-for-every-small-and-sick-newborn\/\">UNICEF, WHO. Survive and thrive: transforming care for every small and sick newborn. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/newborns-reducing-mortality\">WHO.Newborns: improving survival and well-being;2020<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unfpa.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resource-pdf\/MMR_in_humanitarian_settings-final4_0.pdf\">United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Maternal Mortality in Humanitarian Crises and in Fragile Settings<span style=\"font-weight: lighter;\">; 2015<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/Caring-for-Mothers-and-Newborns-in-Humanitarian-Emergencies-1.pdf\">\u00a0IAWG. Surviving Day One: Caring for Mothers and Newborns in Emergencies on the Day of Childbirth; 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/categorising-interventions-to-levels-of-inpatient-care-for-small-and-sick-newborns-findings-from-a-global-survey\/\">Moxon et al. Categorising interventions to levels of inpatient care for small and sick newborns: Findings from a global survey; 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][vc_column][\/vc_column][ultimate_exp_section title=\"Key Resources\" icon=\"Defaults-circle\" new_icon=\"Defaults-circle-o\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/the-lancet-small-vulnerable-newborns-series\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Lancet Small Vulnerable Newborns Series (2023)<\/a> - This Series presents a new conceptual framework that brings preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and low birthweight (LBW) together under the term \u201csmall vulnerable newborns\u201d (SVN) in order to contribute to healthier and thriving women, newborns, children, adults, and societies.<\/li>\n<li>WHO <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/standards-for-improving-the-quality-of-care-for-small-and-sick-newborns-in-health-facilities\/\">Standards for improving the quality of care for small and sick newborns in health facilities<\/a> \u2014 Theses standards for the care of small and sick newborns in health facilities define, standardize and mainstream inpatient care of small and sick newborns, building on essential newborn care and ensuring consistency with the WHO quality of care framework.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/survive-and-thrive-transforming-care-for-every-small-and-sick-newborn\/\">Survive and Thrive: transforming care for every small and sick newborn<\/a> \u2014 This report maps out a pathway towards 2030. It is built upon epidemiology, historical trends, lessons learnt and evidence-based interventions.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/blog\/every-preemie-scale-launches-no-harm-technical-briefs-improve-safe-effective-use-key-inpatient-newborn-care-interventions\/\">Every Preemie Do No Harm Technical Briefs<\/a> \u2014 This series of briefs was developed between 2017-2019 and highlights the safe and effective use of specific inpatient newborn care interventions, with the guiding principle of \u201cDo No Harm.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/nurturing-care-for-every-newborn\/\">Nurturing Care for Every Newborn<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 This brief summarizes why nurturing care is essential for every newborn to survive and thrive. It outlines the five components of nurturing care and contains examples of practical actions to create and strengthen nurturing environments for newborns, including those who are born too soon, small or sick.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/nurturing-care-for-early-childhood-development-a-framework-for-helping-children-survive-and-thrive-to-transform-health-and-human-potential\/\">The Nurturing Care Framework for Early Childhood Development<\/a> \u2014 This framework draws on state-of-the-art evidence on how ECD unfolds to set out the most effective policies and services that will help parents and caregivers provide nurturing care for babies.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/implementation-toolkit-for-small-and-sick-newborn-care\/\">Implementation Toolkit for Small and Sick Newborn Care<\/a> \u2014Released on World Prematurity Day 2021, this Implementation Toolkit brings together readings, tools and learnings to provide a one-stop shop for implementers to act, use, share and learn. Information in support of WHO norms and standards from more than 300 implementers around the world is systematically organised to enable implementation and reach every newborn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/ultimate_exp_section][ultimate_exp_section title=\"Guidelines and Statements\" icon=\"Defaults-circle\" new_icon=\"Defaults-circle-o\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/newborn-health-standards.org\/\">European Standards of Care for Newborn Health<\/a> \u2014 The ESCNH project aims to address disparities in the care of preterm and ill infants by developing standards for a wide range of topics in newborn health.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nicudesign.nd.edu\/nicu-care-standards\">Consensus Standards on Infant and Family-Centered Developmental Care<\/a> \u2014 This web document is the full report of the Consensus Committee of the Standards, Competencies, and Best Practices for Infant and Family-Centered Developmental Care in the ICU.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/advancesinneonatalcare\/Fulltext\/2019\/02000\/Guidelines_for_the_Institutional_Implementation_of.4.aspx\">Guidelines for the Institutional Implementation of Developmental Neuroprotective Care in the NICU: A Joint Position Statement from CANN, CAPWHN, NANN, and COINN (2019)<\/a> \u2014 This position statement provides an evidence-based framework for the institutional implementation of developmentally supportive, neuroprotective care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nidcap.org\/\">Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program<\/a> \u2014 NIDCAP is an organization that supports development, enhances strengths and minimizes stress for infants, family and staff who care for them.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/newborn-individualized-developmental-care-and-assessment-program-nidcap-an-education-and-training-program-for-health-care-professionals\/\">NIDCAP Program Guide<\/a> \u2014 Educational and consultative support and assistance to NICU and special care nursery settings towards effective delivery of intensive and special care in a neurodevelopmentally supportive, individualized, and family-centered framework.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ifdc-familyintegratedcare.com\/\">Integrated Family Delivered Neonatal Care<\/a> \u2014 Online resources by the Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust to create a consistent, nurturing environment for parents to feel engaged, enabled, educated and empowered as the primary caregivers to their babies.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fundacioncanguro.co\/en\/fundacion-canguro-english\/\">Kangaroo Foundation training kit (English, Spanish, French)<\/a> \u2014 This site hosts online resources to encourage the use, development and dissemination of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), a methodology based on scientific evidence.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nurturescienceprogram.org\/family-nurture-intervention\/\">Family Nurture Intervention<\/a> \u2014 This program helps families re-establish emotional connection and autonomic co-regulation if they are interrupted, with significant short- and long-term benefits for both baby and mother.<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"Hyperlink SCXW255313088 BCX8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8063066\/?report=printable\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXW255313088 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW255313088 BCX8\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"Hyperlink\">Post Partum Depression in NICU<\/span><\/span><\/a><span class=\"TextRun SCXW255313088 BCX8\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW255313088 BCX8\"> \u2014 This resource highlights important results from a community KMC study in India indicating that postpartum depression was reduced in mothers when KMC was used.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW255313088 BCX8\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:1,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:405}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marchofdimes.org\/nursing\/index.bm2?cid=00000003\">March of Dimes Education for Nurses <\/a>\u2014This site includes resources to equip nurses with the information they need to provide the highest quality care to newborns and mothers.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.familyintegratedcare.com\/\">Family Integrated Care<\/a> \u2014 FICare is a model that integrates families as partners in the NICU care team, and provides a structure that supports the implementation of family-centered care. This website provides helpful tools and resources to support this model.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/ultimate_exp_section][ultimate_exp_section title=\"Educational Materials for Professionals\" icon=\"Defaults-circle\" new_icon=\"Defaults-circle-o\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/53398\/\">Psychosocial standards for NICU Parents<\/a> \u2014 This article provides a rationale for and brief description of the process of developing recommendations for program standards for psychosocial support of parents with babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3697041\/\">National Perinatal Association Multidisciplinary Guidelines for the Care of Late Preterm Infants \u2014<\/a> This supplement was published on behalf of the Late Preterm Infant Guidelines Steering Committee with permission from The National Perinatal Association.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/small-and-sick-newborn-care-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-global-survey-and-thematic-analysis-of-healthcare-providers-voices-and-experiences\/\">Small and sick newborn care during the COVID-19 pandemic: global survey and thematic analysis of healthcare providers\u2019 voices and experiences<\/a> \u2014 This study surveyed reported disruptions to small and sick newborn care worldwide and analyzed healthcare providers\u2019 experiences and proposed mitigation strategies<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/immediate-kangaroo-mother-care-and-survival-of-infants-with-low-birth-weight\/\">Immediate \u201cKangaroo Mother Care\u201d and Survival of Infants with Low Birth Weight<\/a> \u2014 This research published in 2021 shows evidence that immediate KMC dramatically improves survival rates of small and sick newborns.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/kangaroo-mother-care-had-a-protective-effect-on-the-volume-of-brain-structures-in-young-adults-born-preterm\/\">Kangaroo mother care had a protective effect on the volume of brain structures in young adults born preterm<\/a> \u2014 This study is one of the first to show evidence of the long-term benefits of KMC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/ultimate_exp_section][ultimate_exp_section title=\"Parent Education and Integrated Family Delivered Neonatal Care\" icon=\"Defaults-circle\" new_icon=\"Defaults-circle-o\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ifdc-familyintegratedcare.com\/\">NHS Imperial College Healthcare \u2013 Parent NICU App<\/a> \u2014 This app helps parents through their NICU journey in the ethos of family integrated care.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bliss.org.uk\/health-professionals\/information-and-resources\/resources-for-parents\">Bliss Resources for Parents (in conjunction with IFDC Care Bundle)<\/a> \u2014 Downloadable resources to give to parents on neonatal units or you can direct them to the information on this website.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/ultimate_exp_section][vc_row][\/vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column]<\/p>\n","post_title":"Care of small and sick newborns","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"care-of-small-and-sick-newborns","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-08-02 12:39:31","post_modified_gmt":"2023-08-02 16:39:31","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&#038;p=14757","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":132,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 15:20:24","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 15:20:24","post_content":"<p>[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>Early and exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a child\u2019s life reduces child mortality and has health benefits that extend into adulthood. Breastfeeding benefits not only the child but the mother and family also, as it is free of cost and reduces the risk of infection in newborns, enhances neurodevelopment, and reduces the risk of acquiring certain non-communicable illnesses in adulthood. Breastmilk substitutes and animal milk not only lack essential immune-building components, they also expose the infant to an increased risk of infection and morbidity.<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">44<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1690991173051{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">percentage of infants under six months of age who are exclusively breastfed (2015-2020)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">800<\/span>k<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1690991296488{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of infant deaths that can be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6735804\/\">attributed to suboptimal breastfeeding practices<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">20<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1690991361409{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">percentage reduction in risk of newborn death when <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5025980\/#:~:text=About%2020%25%20of%20all%20neonatal,the%20neonatal%20period%20%5B17%5D.\">breastfeeding is initiated within one hour of birth<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a>\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/em><\/h6>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"More information\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Human milk feeding and breastfeeding have immediate and long-term benefits for all babies, including the preterm and low birth weight. Feeding small and sick newborns is challenging because of immaturity or medical conditions that interfere with effective oral feeding. Moreover, small newborns are further affected by variation in the gut microbiome and increased risk for infections.<\/p>\n<p>They often need care in special or intensive care units, which commonly results in separation from their mothers, creating additional challenges to feeding. Care for small and sick newborns must include the promotion of safe and optimal use of human milk (with cup or nasogastric tube), and subsequent transition to breastfeeding, to achieve adequate gain weight and growth in these infants. Staff caring for these babies require specific knowledge and competencies, as well as sufficient supplies for feeding small and sick newborns.<\/p>\n<p>Studies have shown that Early Total Enteral Feeding (ETEF) is safe and decreases the incidence of infections, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), enhances cognitive development, reduces days on parental nutrition, and helps shorten the time to achieve full feeds. Own mother\u2019s milk is the first choice for such babies. Delayed initiation of and infrequent breastmilk feeding can affect the establishment of milk supply and result in decreased milk supply and unnecessary use of breast milk substitutes. If the small baby cannot suckle at the breast, it is important to express, starting with the colostrum within an hour of birth to support the onset of lactation. Such mothers should continue to express every 2-3 hours for eight or more sessions during the day, including at night for ensuring no disruption of lactation and milk supply. To achieve low risk of contamination of expressed breast milk, it is very important to ensure hygienic milk collection, storage, and handling practices.<\/p>\n<p>When own mother\u2019s milk is not available, WHO and UNICEF promote the use of pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) as the second option in preference to formulas. However, WHO has specified that, this \u201crecommendation (is) relevant for settings where safe and affordable milk-banking facilities are available or can be set up;\u201d The use of formulas as the next option requires counseling the mothers and families on their proper and clean preparation. The use of preterm formulas should only be recommended when the VLBW baby is not gaining weight on standard formula and if it can be afforded. For babies smaller than 1500gm, the WHO recommends adding vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and iron supplements.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>Key resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/infant-and-young-child-feeding\">WHO Infant Feeding Recommendations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.who.int\/media\/docs\/default-source\/nutritionlibrary\/breastfeeding\/unicef-who-capture-the-moment-eibf-2018.pdf?sfvrsn=587210cf_2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Early Initiation of Breastfeeding to Promote Exclusive Breastfeeding<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/question-and-answers-hub\/q-a-detail\/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-breastfeeding\">Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Breastfeeding Q&amp;A (WHO)<\/a> + <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/commentaries\/detail\/breastfeeding-and-covid-19\">Scientific Brief\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Lancet Breastfeeding Series (2016)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/maternal_child_adolescent\/topics\/child\/nutrition\/breastfeeding\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WHO Resources on Breastfeeding<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/breastfeeding-advocacy-toolkit\/\">Breastfeeding Advocacy Toolkit<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/who-recommendations-for-care-of-the-preterm-or-low-birth-weight-infant\/\">WHO recommendations for care of the preterm or low-birth-weight infant (2022)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","post_title":"Breastfeeding and feeding of small and sick newborns","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"breastfeeding-and-feeding-of-small-and-sick-newborns","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-11-21 12:34:55","post_modified_gmt":"2023-11-21 17:34:55","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&#038;p=132","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"regions":[],"countries":[],"views":"489","featured_image":50873},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource\/50764"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/resource"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7211"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50764"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource\/50764\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50873"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50764"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"toolkit","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/toolkit?post=50764"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}