{"id":51553,"date":"2022-02-16T17:28:23","date_gmt":"2022-02-16T22:28:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=resource&#038;p=51553"},"modified":"2022-02-16T17:35:37","modified_gmt":"2022-02-16T22:35:37","slug":"questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy","status":"publish","type":"resource","link":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/","title":{"rendered":"Questions and Answers: COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>These questions and answers (Q&amp;As) are based on the most recent interim recommendations from the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) for COVID-19 vaccines that have been approved by WHO under Emergency Use Listing (EUL)a as of 15 February 2022:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pfizer\u2013BioNTech BNT162b2<\/li>\n<li>Moderna mRNA-1273<\/li>\n<li>AstraZeneca AZD1222 Vaxzevria\u2122, SII COVISHIELD\u2122 ChAdOx1-S [recombinant]<\/li>\n<li>Janssen Ad26.COV2.S<\/li>\n<li>Sinopharm BIBP<\/li>\n<li>Sinovac\u2013CoronaVac<\/li>\n<li>Bharat Biotech BBV152 COVAXIN\u00ae<\/li>\n<li>Novavax NVX-Co2373<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Q&amp;As are intended to provide answers to health providers and the public on COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy. Q&amp;As related to COVID-19 vaccines and breastfeeding can be found at the following link: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-2019-nCoV-FAQ-Breast_feeding-Vaccines-2021.1\">FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS: COVID-19 vaccines and breastfeeding based on WHO interim recommendations<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This document uses the term \u2018pregnant women\u2019. Although the majority of people who are or can get pregnant are cisgender women, who were born and identify as female, these Q&amp;As are also relevant to the experiences of transgender men and other gender diverse people who may have the capacity to become pregnant.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>These questions and answers (Q&amp;As) are based on the most recent interim recommendations from the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) for COVID-19 vaccines that have been approved by WHO under Emergency Use Listing (EUL)a as of 15 February 2022: Pfizer\u2013BioNTech BNT162b2 Moderna mRNA-1273 AstraZeneca AZD1222 Vaxzevria\u2122, SII COVISHIELD\u2122 ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Janssen &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7211,"featured_media":51556,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","toolkit":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Healthy Newborn Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Questions and Answers: COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy - Healthy Newborn Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"These questions and answers (Q&amp;As) are based on the most recent interim recommendations from the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) for COVID-19 vaccines that have been approved by WHO under Emergency Use Listing (EUL)a as of 15 February 2022: Pfizer\u2013BioNTech BNT162b2 Moderna mRNA-1273 AstraZeneca AZD1222 Vaxzevria\u2122, SII COVISHIELD\u2122 ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Janssen &hellip; Continued\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Healthy Newborn Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-02-16T22:35:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/WHO-QA.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1177\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1167\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/\",\"name\":\"Questions and Answers: COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy - Healthy Newborn Network\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/WHO-QA.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-02-16T22:28:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-02-16T22:35:37+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/WHO-QA.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/hnn-content\/uploads\/WHO-QA.jpg\",\"width\":1177,\"height\":1167,\"caption\":\"First page of article including title, first question, and organizations\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Questions and Answers: COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/\",\"name\":\"Healthy Newborn Network\",\"description\":\"Addressing critical knowledge gaps in newborn health.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Healthy Newborn Network","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Questions and Answers: COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy - Healthy Newborn Network","og_description":"These questions and answers (Q&amp;As) are based on the most recent interim recommendations from the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) for COVID-19 vaccines that have been approved by WHO under Emergency Use Listing (EUL)a as of 15 February 2022: Pfizer\u2013BioNTech BNT162b2 Moderna mRNA-1273 AstraZeneca AZD1222 Vaxzevria\u2122, SII COVISHIELD\u2122 ChAdOx1-S [recombinant] Janssen &hellip; 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Working through offices in more than 150 countries, WHO staff work side by side with governments and other partners to ensure the highest attainable level of health for all people.\r\n\r\nTogether we strive to combat diseases \u2013 infectious diseases like influenza and HIV and noncommunicable ones like cancer and heart disease. We help mothers and children survive and thrive so they can look forward to a healthy old age. We ensure the safety of the air people breathe, the food they eat, the water they drink \u2013 and the medicines and vaccines they need.","post_title":"World Health Organization","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"world-health-organization","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2017-10-02 14:54:45","post_modified_gmt":"2017-10-02 18:54:45","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=partner&#038;p=21084","menu_order":0,"post_type":"partner","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"other_organizations":"Human Reproduction Programme","issues":[{"ID":49497,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2021-08-04 20:35:27","post_date_gmt":"2021-08-05 00:35:27","post_content":"[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>COVID-19 disease<\/h2>\r\nAccording to the World Health Organization, the COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Current evidence indicates that COVID-19 does not appear to directly impact newborns. Few novel coronavirus infections have been reported in newborns, and these were almost uniformly asymptomatic. The few that had symptoms were reported to have mild illness.\r\n<h2><strong>There is no evidence of vertical mother-to-newborn transmission during pregnancy or via breastfeeding.<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>Indirect adverse effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy and newborns<\/h2>\r\nWhereas the <strong>direct effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy and newborns are minimal, indirect adverse effects are becoming increasingly apparent<\/strong> and important areas of concern. These include potential disruptions of routine maternal and newborn health (MNH) care that is essential for the health and survival of mothers and newborns. Countries\u2019 responses to the pandemic \u2013 such as social distancing measures \u2013 can pose threats to continuing best practices by health care providers, as well as to home caregiver practices that are essential to newborn health and survival. Leading <strong>examples of these threats to best MNH practices<\/strong> include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>separation of mothers and newborns instead of promoting immediate skin-to-skin contact and rooming in, in facilities, and<\/li>\r\n \t<li>immediate and exclusive <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/breastfeeding-and-feeding-of-small-and-sick-newborns\/\">breastfeeding<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/kangaroo-mother-care\/\">Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC)<\/a> for preterm and small babies.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThus, pandemic mitigation by social distancing should not result in unintended harm to mothers and their newborns.\r\n\r\nThere is also a risk to mothers and babies that pandemic responses limit needed psychosocial support to mothers during pregnancy, delivery, and in the postpartum period. Additionally, the economic toll of the pandemic response poses serious risks to many families \u2013 especially mothers and newborns \u2013 living in poverty or near-poverty. Policies and programs must recognize and take steps to prevent or ameliorate these important risks which may otherwise be overlooked. These can include food insecurity, loss of livelihoods, misinformation, and lockdown-induced social isolation and loss of vital community\/family support.\r\n\r\nThe World Health Organization (WHO) and partners continue to monitor the evidence and provide guidance accordingly.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_column_text]<strong>Key Resources:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-2019-nCoV-clinical-2021-2\">Living guidance for clinical management of COVID-19<\/a>\u00a0(WHO)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/questions-and-answers-covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy\/\">Questions and Answers: COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy<\/a> (WHO)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/coronavirus\/navigating-pregnancy-during-coronavirus-disease-covid-19-pandemic\">Navigating pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic \u2013 How to best protect yourself and your baby<\/a> (UNICEF)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/event\/maintaining-essential-mnch-services-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-lessons-from-19-countries\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maintaining essential MNCH services during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from 19 countries<\/a> (WHO)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/technical-guidance\">View WHO Technical and Country Guidance<\/a> (WHO)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/question-and-answers-hub\/q-a-detail\/q-a-on-covid-19-pregnancy-and-childbirth\">COVID-19, pregnancy &amp; childbirth<\/a> (WHO)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/action\/showPdf?pii=S1473-3099%2820%2930157-2\">Guideline for pregnant women with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection<\/a> (Lancet)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/coronavirus?dgcid=kr_pop-up_tlcoronavirus20\">Covid-19 Resource Center\u00a0<\/a>(Lancet)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/question-and-answers-hub\/q-a-detail\/q-a-on-covid-19-and-breastfeeding\">COVID-19 &amp; breastfeeding<\/a> (WHO)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/commentaries\/detail\/breastfeeding-and-covid-19\">Breastfeeding and COVID-19 Scientific Brief<\/a> (WHO)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/guidelines-for-continued-newborn-healthcare-during-the-covid-19-pandemic\/\">Guidelines for continued newborn healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: compiled programmatic information for implementers and project managers<\/a> (WHO)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/covid-19-technical-brief-for-antenatal-care-services\/\">COVID-19 Technical Brief for Antenatal Care Services<\/a> (UNFPA)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/covid-19-technical-brief-for-maternal-services\/\">COVID-19 Technical Brief for Maternal Service<\/a> (UNFPA)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.advancingnutrition.org\/news-events\/2020\/04\/24\/infant-and-young-child-feeding-recommendations-when-covid-19-suspected-or\">Infant and Young Child Feeding Recommendations When COVID-19 is Suspected or Confirmed<\/a> (USAID, UNICEF &amp; IFE)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/resourcecentre.savethechildren.net\/library\/iycf-tools-context-covid-19\">Infant and Young Child Feeding Tools in the Context of COVID-19<\/a> (Save the Children)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Additional resources are regularly updated on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\">WHO website<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"COVID-19","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"covid-19","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-09-30 17:57:07","post_modified_gmt":"2022-09-30 21:57:07","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&#038;p=49497","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":136,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 15:21:03","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 15:21:03","post_content":"[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h2>Integrating postpartum family planning services and counseling into childbirth care is vital to newborn and maternal health and survival.<\/h2>\r\nOffering contraceptive counselling and a wide range of modern methods along the continuum of childbirth care has shown to increase contraception use, which enables women to choose when and if to have a baby. Family planning use is considered postpartum if the woman initiates and uses a method in the first twelve months after childbirth. Postpartum reproductive health and family planning also includes services initiated after miscarriage or abortion. Pregnancies that are spaced by at least two years after a live birth and six months after a miscarriage or induced abortion can reduce the risk of complications and adverse newborn outcomes. Maternal survival is also impacted as women who practice healthy timing and spacing of pregnancies are less likely to die in childbirth or from pregnancy complications. Integrating contraception counseling and services into quality antenatal, postnatal, and newborn care is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/immediate-postpartum-family-planning\/\">proven intervention<\/a> and should be included in both facility and community based services.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">163<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1666117399105{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of women with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(22)00936-9\/fulltext\">unmet need for modern contraception services in 2019<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">1.7<\/span>m<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1667922548234{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of fewer newborn deaths annually if <a href=\"https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/fact-sheet\/investing-sexual-and-reproductive-health-low-and-middle-income-countries\">unmet contraceptive need is met <\/a>in LMICs<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-blue\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">700<\/span>k<\/strong><\/h1>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1667922954092{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">number of stillbirths that could be averted annually if <a href=\"https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/report\/adding-it-up-investing-in-sexual-reproductive-health-2019\">unmet contraceptive need is met<\/a> in LMICS<\/span><\/h3>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_column_text]\r\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Newborn Numbers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/span><\/h6>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1452696349804{margin-top: 30px !important;margin-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #f6f6f4 !important;}\"][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"More on Family Planning\" color=\"custom\" accent_color=\"#cccccc\"][vc_row_inner equal_height=\"yes\"][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<strong>Family planning methods:<\/strong> There are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/family-planning-contraception\">many methods available<\/a>, under many different brand names. Modern methods include oral contraception pills, implants, injectable, intrauterine devices (IUDs), emergency contraception, male and female condoms, male and female sterilization, and lactational amenorrhea method (LAM). Additional methods include withdrawal, the calendar or rhythm method, and other fertility based methods. Some are more effective than others, and many rely on proper use to ensure effectiveness. Most of these contraceptives can be <a href=\"https:\/\/postpartumfp.srhr.org\/\">safely used immediately postpartum<\/a>; the rest can be initiated shortly after delivery, within a few weeks to six months.\r\n\r\nThe lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/9678098\/\">98% effective<\/a> for the first six months postpartum. LAM prevents pregnancy while the mother is exclusively breastfeeding. It becomes less effective when other foods and liquids, like formula, are included, so women who are unable to exclusively breastfeed should consider other methods.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<strong>Spacing of pregnancy:<\/strong>\u00a0Use of family planning helps achieve healthy spacing of pregnancies, which is critical to a healthy pregnancy and delivery and to newborn survival. When pregnancies are too close together (less than 24 months between the last live birth and the next pregnancy), the risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, and newborn death increases; when pregnancy begins within six months of the last live birth, these complications are even more likely. Furthermore, when a mother who is still nursing an infant of any age becomes pregnant again, it is difficult to meet the nutritional needs of the mother, nursing baby, and fetus.\r\n\r\n<strong>Timing of pregnancy:<\/strong>\u00a0Studies have shown that both newborns and mothers have the healthiest outcomes when pregnancies occur after age 18. When mothers are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4562289\/\">younger than 18<\/a>, they and their infants face increased risk of birth\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/issue\/complications-during-childbirth\/\">complications<\/a>, including stillbirth, low birth weight, and preterm birth. When possible, it is recommended to time pregnancies appropriately, especially by delaying first pregnancy until at least age 18. Adolescents, regardless of marital status, should have access to contraceptive methods to delay pregnancy.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_single_image image=\"56227\" add_caption=\"yes\"][vc_text_separator title=\"Key resources\"][vc_column_text]\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/training-resource-package-for-family-planning\/\">Training Resource Package for Family Planning\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fphandbook.org\/\">Family Planning Global Handbook for Providers<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/immediate-postpartum-family-planning\/\">High Impact Practices for Family Planning \u2013 Immediate Postpartum Family Planning<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/negative-effects-of-short-birth-interval-on-child-mortality-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis\/\">Negative effects of short birth interval on child mortality in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta analysis<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/family-planning-contraception\">WHO Family planning\/contraception methods<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/9678098\/\">Postpartum contraception: the lactational amenorrhea method<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","post_title":"Reproductive health & family planning","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"reproductive-health-family-planning","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-02-07 16:00:38","post_modified_gmt":"2023-02-07 21:00:38","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&#038;p=136","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":114,"post_author":"7211","post_date":"2015-10-21 00:24:21","post_date_gmt":"2015-10-21 00:24:21","post_content":"<p>[vc_row full_width=\"stretch_row\" css=\".vc_custom_1453403441710{margin-top: -60px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}\"][vc_column width=\"1\/2\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>The majority of maternal and newborn deaths and stillbirths occur around the time of birth. However, there are many opportunities during pregnancy to reduce these risks.<\/h2>\n<p>While traditional antenatal care (ANC) is understood mainly to focus on obstetrical issues, contacts with pregnant women also provide important opportunities to deliver other preventive clinical interventions as well as counseling and health education on birth preparedness, danger signs and appropriate response, key practices at household level during and after pregnancy, and family planning.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\"1\/2\" el_class=\"issue-stats\"][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-red\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">88<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1690993922335{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">percent of women age 15-49 who received at lease one ANC visit during pregnancy globally (2016-2021)<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner el_class=\"text-yellow\" width=\"1\/3\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span class=\"ticker\">65<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\"2\/3\"][vc_column_text css=\".vc_custom_1690993939923{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;}\"]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">percent of women age 15-49 who received four or more ANC visits during pregnancy globally (2016-2021)<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_separator][vc_row_inner content_placement=\"middle\"][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>All data on this page represents the most recent data available, unless otherwise noted. Please visit our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/numbers\/\">Newborn Numbers<\/a>\u00a0page and download the Excel spreadsheet to explore the data further.<\/em><\/h6>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=\"Opportunities for ANC\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]The prioritization of specific ANC interventions should vary by setting. For example, in areas of high malaria risk, intermittent presumptive treatment and use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets are very important. How we reach pregnant women with services and messages must also vary by setting. There are certainly advantages to having fully-qualified health professionals like nurses or nurse-midwives provide services; however many aspects of the needed services could be provided by cadres of health auxiliaries with less training. In some settings, greater reach is achieved by providing services on an outreach basis. Over the past 15 years, the standard model for ANC has been \u201cfocused ANC,\u201d a four-visit schedule. In 2016 the World Health Organization reviewed this model and issued new recommendations.[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=\"Key Resources\"][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/news-item\/updated-who-recommendations-for-malaria-chemoprevention-among-children-and-pregnant-women-who\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Updated WHO recommendations for malaria chemoprevention among children and pregnant women<\/a> (2022)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/ending-preventable-maternal-mortality-epmm-a-renewed-focus-for-improving-maternal-and-newborn-health-and-wellbeing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ending Preventable Maternal Mortality (EPMM): A Renewed Focus for Improving Maternal and Newborn Health and Wellbeing<\/a> (2021)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/resource\/recommendations-antenatal-care-positive-pregnancy-experience\/\">WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience<\/a> (2016) + Executive Summary<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","post_title":"Antenatal care","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"antenatal-care","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-08-02 12:32:20","post_modified_gmt":"2023-08-02 16:32:20","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"http:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/?post_type=issue&#038;p=114","menu_order":0,"post_type":"issue","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"regions":[],"countries":[],"views":"652"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource\/51553"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/resource"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7211"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51553"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource\/51553\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"toolkit","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.healthynewbornnetwork.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/toolkit?post=51553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}